Bremer, L.L., A.S. Elshall, C.A. Wada, L. Brewington, J. Delevaux, A. El-Kadi, C. Voss, and K., Burnett, Effects of land cover and watershed protection futures on sustainable groundwater management in Hawaiʻi. Land cover scenarios were produced using ArcGIS 10 by Laura Brewington (East-West Center) and Leah Bremer (University of Hawaiʻi). Recharge data was produced by Kolja Rotzoll (United States Geological Survey Pacific Islands Water Science Center) using the Hawaiʻi Groundwater Recharge Tool (note that recharge rasters are for the full island of Oʻahu, but only change in the Pearl Harbor aquifer). The simulation optimization pumping data is not publicly available for security reasons, but can be obtained by contacting Ahmed S. Elshall. Filenames beginning with "DB_Recharge_" are in floating point ascii format with a spatial resolution of 75 meters. Spatial extent is the full island of Oʻahu. Spatial projection is NAD 1983 UTM Zone 4N. Values are in millimeters per year and are for the baseline climate (1978_2007 from the Online Rainfall Atlas of Hawai'i; Giambelluca et al. 2013) and for RCP 8.5 mid-century rainfall projections (2040_2070; Elison Timm et al. 2014). Contact Kolja Rotzoll of the United States Geological Survey Pacific Islands Water Science Center for more information on these files. Filenames beginning with "ph_75m_" are in integer grid ascii format with a spatial resolution of 75 meters. Spatial extent is the Pearl Harbor aquifer system. Spatial projection is NAD 1983 UTM Zone 4N. Filenames beginning with "ph_75m_" are in integer grid ascii format with a spatial resolution of 75 meters. Spatial extent is the Pearl Harbor aquifer system. Spatial projection is NAD 1983 UTM Zone 4N. "S1" refers to future land cover Scenario 1, with high intensity urban development within a 0.6-km radius of rail corridor. Current agricultural lands are protected as further development is confined to corridor. All existing native forest is protected. "S2" refers to future land cover Scenario 2, with high intensity urban development within a 0.6-km radius of rail corridor. Current agricultural lands are protected as further development is confined to corridor. All native forest within existing and planned fencing and management areas is protected. "S3" refers to future land cover Scenario 3, with high intensity urban development within a 0.6-km radius of rail corridor. Current agricultural lands are protected as further development is confined to corridor. Nearly all existing native forest is converted to non-native forest given a lack of protection. "S4" refers to future land cover Scenario 4, where mid intensity development sprawls across all agricultural lands (except those designated as Important Agricultural Lands). All native forest is protected. "S5" refers to future land cover Scenario 5, where mid intensity development sprawls across all agricultural lands (except those designated as Important Agricultural Lands). All native forest within existing and planned fencing and management areas is protected. "S6" refers to future land cover Scenario 6, where mid intensity development sprawls across all agricultural lands (except those designated as Important Agricultural Lands). Nearly all existing native forest is converted to non-native forest given a lack of protection. Values range from 1-30 and correspond to the following land cover codes: 1 Native Forest 3 Alien Forest 5 Kiawe/Phreatophytes 6 Shrubland 7 Grassland 8 Developed Low-Intensity 9 Developed Medium-Intensity 10 Developed High-Intensity 11 Sparsely Vegetated 12 Wetland 13 Water Body 14 Reservoirs 15 Golf Course 16 Pineapple 17 Sugarcane (furrow) 18 Sugarcane (drip) 19 Sugarcane Predevelopment 21 Corn 22 Coffee 23 Macadamia 24 Diversified Agriculture 25 Tree Plantation 26 Taro 27 Grass Shrub Predevelopment 28 Open Native Forest Grass Shrub Predevelopment 29 Sparse Grassland Predevelopment 30 Near-Coastal or Estuarine Water Body Contact Laura Brewington of the East-West Center or Leah Bremer of the University of Hawaiʻi for more information on these files.

{"references": ["Bremer, L.L.,\u00a0A.S. Elshall, C.A. Wada, L. Brewington,\u00a0J. Delevaux,\u00a0A.\u00a0El-Kadi, C. Voss, and K.,\u00a0Burnett,\u00a0Effects of land cover and watershed protection futures on sustainable groundwater management in Hawai\u02bbi.", "Ellison Timm, O., Giambelluca, T. W. and Diaz, H. F. 2014. Statistical downscaling of rainfall changes in Hawai\u02bbi based on the CMIP5 global model projections, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., (120), 92\u2013112, doi:10.1002/2014JD022059.", "Giambelluca, T.W., Q. Chen, A.G. Frazier, J.P. Price, Y.-L. Chen, P.-S. Chu, J.K. Eischeid, and D.M. Delparte, 2013: Online Rainfall Atlas of Hawai'i. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 94, 313-316, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00228.1."]}