The studied area is located about 8-miles northeast of Kyaukpadaung Township, Mandalay Region. Mt. Popa is a volcanic mountain occupying the middle part of Central Volcanic Line of Myanmar. It is an ancient volcano. Originally, its crater may have assumed a circular shape. However, it now has a horse-shoe shape as its northern end was blown away, probably by a big volcanic eruption at a later time. This region is now fingered by numerous geological processes mainly fluvio-volcano and volcano-denudation. The most obvious landforms originated by those processes are volcanic cone, volcanic crater, lava plateau, volcanic neck, northern paroxysmal outburst flank, mesa, lava flows, volcanic foot slope and flat terrain.

{"references": ["Aung Moe. (1980). Petrology and structures of the rocks of Mt. Popa area. Kyaukpadaung Township. M.Sc Thesis (unpubish paper), Geol. Dept., Y.A.S.U, 225 pp. Zuidan, R.A. (1985). Aerial photo interpretation in Terrain Analysis and Geomorphological Mapping. I.T.C. Text book. 167-187 pp"]}