The tribal who constitute 8.8% of the total population of India, are distributed various states of the country. The tribal culture is entirely different from the way of life of civilized people. Illiteracy is a major problem of the tribals. The medium of instruction is one of the hindrances to the promotion of education among the tribe. Most of the tribal languages do not have a script of their own. Hence the children are obliged to learn things in a language which is foreign to them. Even in tribal areas the number of tribal teachers is very less and hence communication problem always arises between the students and the teachers. Language associated problems are more common in primary classes. In this study investigators conduct a study to find language related problems faced by the tribal residential school teachers and students. For the study 97 tribal residential school teachers 415 residential school students are taken as sample and prepared questionnaire for data collection. Results of the study reveal the different language associated problems and challenges faced by the tribal residential school teachers and students.