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اعتدال طلایی ارسطویی در تحلیل ابونصر فارابی

Authors: Tavaziani, Zohreh;

اعتدال طلایی ارسطویی در تحلیل ابونصر فارابی

Abstract

از مجموع نظرياتي که در علم اخلاق مطرح شده اند، نظريه اعتدال ارسطويي بيشترين اقبال را در ميان متفکران مسلمان و از جمله فارابي که موسس فلسفه اسلامي محسوب مي شود، داشته است. مساله اين است که آيا فارابي در طراحي نظام اخلاقي خويش به صرف تقليد و بيان و شرح و بسط نظر ارسطو بسنده کرده يا اينکه او نيز خود در زمينه اخلاق صاحب راي و نظر مستقل بوده است؟ نوشتار حاضر پي آن است تا با ارائه گزارشي مستند از آرا فارابي در حوزه اخلاق نشان دهد که با وجود تاثير انکارناپذير ارسطو بر انديشه او در شکل گيري بعضي از عناصر فکري فارابي در حوزه اخلاق از جمله غايت نهايي دانستن سعادت و تمسک به نظريه حد وسط در فضايل و طرح فضايل چهارگانه مورد عنايت ارسطو، اما او در همه اين مسائل نيز به شرح و بسط اکتفا ننموده و نظريات خاص خود را ارائه نموده است. فارابي بطور مشخص سعادت را از حد يک مفهوم صرف اخلاقي با کاربردي فردي، به حوزه اجتماع و مدينه کشانده و آن را اساس نظام هاي سياسي مبتني بر فضيلت قلمداد نموده است و شاخصهاي کاملا ديني را در اين حوزه وارد نموده و بخوبي از تبيين آن برآمده است، هر چند که انديشه وي در اين زمينه نيز خالي از نقد نمي باشد. اما آنچه فارابي را در حوزه اخلاق در جرگه ارسطوئيان قرار مي دهد، مساله طرح حدوسط در تعيين فضايل اخلاقي و بعنوان يک ضابطه در اين تعيين است که نوشتار حاضر با تکيه بر اين مساله مي خواهد نشان دهد که چگونه فارابي نظام اخلاقي خويش را با عناصر برگرفته از سنت ارسطويي سامان داده است و نتايج اين تلاشها در حد مقدور در اين مقاله به تصوير کشيده شده است که حاصل آن اثبات ادعاي مذکور مي باشد.

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Keywords

خلاق, سعادت, مدينه, فارابي, ارسطو, فضيلت, حدوسط

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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