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Urbanization and Informal Settlement Condition of Dhaka: A Review of Emerging Challenges and Policy Approaches

Authors: Sadia Afroj;

Urbanization and Informal Settlement Condition of Dhaka: A Review of Emerging Challenges and Policy Approaches

Abstract

{"references": ["Ahmed R. Sustainable Development of Water Resources, Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation \u2013 A Case Study on Reaching the Poorest and Vulnerable. 32nd WEDC International Conference, Colombo, Sri Lnaka. 2006", "Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Population Census 2001 \u2013 Preliminary Report. Dhaka: BBS.", "Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Population Census 2011 \u2013 Preliminary Report. Dhaka: BBS.", "Centre for Urban Studies (CUS) 2006. Slums of Urban Bangladesh. Dhaka: CUS/ MEASUREE/ NIPORT/ USAID.", "Choguill C.L. Implementing urban development projects \u2013 A search for criteria for success. Third World Planning Review, 16(1), 25-40p, 1994.", "Dhaka Tribune. Urbanization increased only 19% in 37 years. Dhaka Tribune, 19 Oct 2016. Available at: https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2016/10/19/study-urbanisation-increased-19-37-years/ (Accessed on 01 Apr 2019).", "Habib E. The role of government and NGOs in slum development: the case of Dhaka City. Development in Practice. 259-265p, 2009.", "Haque M.S. Shelter Design and Development \u2013 Bangladesh Perspective: In search of Sustainable Shelter for the Urban Poor. Dhaka, 2007.", "Hossain S. Rapid Urban Growth and Poverty in Dhaka City. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology. 5(1), 57-80p, 2008.", "Jinnah S.I.A. Rights of Water Connections for Urban Slum Dwellers in Bangladesh. Dhaka: Water Aid Bangladesh, 2007."]}

Dhaka is one of the largest megacities in the world with huge population. With time this city experiences large scale urban development and is facing several urban challenges in terms of basic urban services, transportation system, water supply and sanitation, waste management and housing due to informal urbanization. Because of centralized service facilities and income opportunities the migrant population is increasing with time drastically with their limited affordability of housing and other public services. The immediate consequence of this is the growth of unhygienic slums and squatter settlements. Several development plans as well as policies were formulated to control the urbanization growth and different policy approaches such as eviction, resettlement and upgrading were adopted to deal with informal settlements of Dhaka. These policies approaches were not very effective, because the scale of the problems is very large and the problems are interconnected with complex phenomenon. To address such problems various initiatives have been taken at different scale both in abroad and local scale by different agencies. Based on their essences the regulatory suggestions considering urbanization and informal settlement issues of Dhaka are recommended on this paper understanding the existing situation.

Keywords

http://hbrppublication.com/journals.html, Urbanization; informal settlement; affordability; regulatory approach

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