Levitskу A. P., Bocharov A. V., Khodakov I. V., Markov A. V. THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLITIS IN RATS, GETTING HIGH-PALMITIC ACID FOOD FATS. ВІСНИК МОРСЬКОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ. 2019;2(83):84-91. ISSN 0049-6804. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3267428 http://www.herald.com.ua UDК 616.34:615.874 THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLITIS IN RATS, GETTING HIGH-PALMITIC ACID FOOD FATS A. P. Levitskу, A. V. Bocharov, I. V. Khodakov, A. V. Markov 1State Institution "Institute of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" (Ukraine, Odessa); 2Bukovsky State Medical University; (Ukraine, Chernivtsi); 3Lviv National Medical University (Ukraine); e-mail: flavan.ua@gmail.com Summary The objective: To determine the effect of high-fat diet on the state of the mucous membrane of the colon. Methods: Rats received feed with the addition of 15% of one of the following fats: sunflower, high oleic sunflower, butter, palm and coconut for 64 days. After euthanasia of animals in the colon mucosa, the activity of elastase, urease, lysozyme, catalase and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. The antioxidant prooxidant index API was calculated by the ratio of catalase activity and the content of MDA, and the degree of dysbiosis was calculated by the ratio of relative activities of urease and lysozyme. Results: A significant increase in elastase activity was observed in rats treated with butter and palm oil. A significant increase in the content of MDA was observed in rats treated with conventional sunflower, butter and, especially, palm oil. Urease activity increased in rats receiving butter and palm oil. A significant decrease in lysozume activity and a significant increase in the degree of dysbiosis was observed in rats treated with butter, palm and coconut oil. Catalase activity in the colon mucosa of rats receiving a hight-fat diet did not change significantly, while the API index decreased in all groups of rats exept those receiving high-oleic sunflower oil. Conclusion: high palmitic fats (butter and palm) cause the development of colitis, dysbiosis, as well as reduce the level of antioxidant protection. Key words: fat diet, palmitic acid, colon mucosa, colitis, dysbiosis.