The study was conducted to determine the spatial distribution of soil fertility capability types and its constraints for agricultural in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The study used soil map, soil chemical and physical data as the basis for developing the keys of the relationship to convert soil map classified by WRB system to soil fertility map classified by the FCC system. Soil constraints for agricultural cultivation from soil fertility classification were identified. The research results show that Mekong Delta has thirty-five (35) FCC soil fertility types. The thirteen (13)soil fertility constraints and recommendation for agricultural production were also identified, such as slightly acid (a-), strongly acid (a), high P fixation and high Fe toxicity potential (i), low available P (p), strongly actual acid sulphate soils (c), slightly actual acid sulphate soils (c-), shallow potential acid sulphate soil (f) deep potential acid sulphate soil (f-), slight salinity (s-), strongly salinity (s), ability low supply mineral (k), ability low nutrient retention (e), low organic carbon content (o).