This depository contains the images and associated RSML files used in the paper entitled "Using a structural root system model to evaluate and improve the accuracy of root image analysis pipelines" from the same authors. It contains: - 30.000 simulated root images of 10.000 different root systems, with different noise levels (0=null, 1=medium, 3=high); - 10.000 corresponding RSML files; - .csv files containing the ground-truth data for each modelled root system (500-data.csv); - .csv files containing the image descriptors extracted using RIA-J (500-descriptors.csv); The codes used to generate and analyse this dataset is available here: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.208499 Note about the metrics computed from the RSML files (contained in 500-data.csv): the root systems were simulated in a constrained 2D space (rhizotron-like). Therefore, the RSML_reader plugin computed the lengths of the different roots in 2D only (despite the fact that a Z coordinate is present in the the RSML files). CORRECTION: There is a scale issue in the 500-descriptors.csv file. "area" and "convexhull" columns values should be divided by 10