Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
versions View all 2 versions
addClaim

Bertrand's postulate as a Pascal-dome balance: A geometric reading inside the prime machine

Authors: Krause, Thomas;

Bertrand's postulate as a Pascal-dome balance: A geometric reading inside the prime machine

Abstract

Bertrand's postulate as a Pascal-dome balance: A geometric reading inside the prime machine Please Note: This paper does not claim a new mathematical proof of Bertrand's postulate. Instead, it delivers a stunning geometric and architectural translation of Chebyshev’s classical 1850 balance argument, proving that the existence of primes in \((n, 2n]\) is a structural necessity forced by the volume of a three-dimensional "Pascal-Dome." Bertrand's postulate states that for every integer n > 1, there exists a prime p with n < p ≤ 2n. While Chebyshev famously proved this using arithmetic properties of the central binomial coefficient \({2n \choose n}\) and Erdős simplified the bookkeeping in 1932, this paper transposes the entire framework into the deterministic, visual language of the Prime Machine. By flipping the Pascal triangle upside-down into a paraboloid-like surface inside a three-dimensional lattice — The Pascal-Dome — arithmetic valuations are mapped directly to physical volumes and load-bearing structures. 🏛️ The Two Foundational Pillars of the Volume Balance: 1. Structural Completeness (Theorem 1): Invokes the machine's core foundation to guarantee that every prime p ≤ 2n is natively reachable as a unique orbit minimum. No external arithmetic can hide or inject a prime that the reachability graph misses. 2. Exact Symmetry & Conservation (Theorem 2): Proves that left-right mirror symmetry combined with path conservation turns the volume bookkeeping from a numerical approximation into a strict structural equality with zero slack and no double-counting. 🧮 The Architectural Breakdown of Chebyshev’s Contradiction: To establish a metrically meaningful volume in 3D space, the dome utilizes a tetrahedral start made of six matchsticks, assigning to the central column a total mass of exactly \(V_n = 6 \cdot \binom{2n}{n}\). By applying Kummer’s theorem on p-adic valuations, the paper segments the dome's load-bearing prime content into three exact spatial zones: Small Primes (\(p \le \sqrt{2n}\)): Trapped in sub-exponential growth regions. Medium Primes (\(\sqrt{2n} < p \le \frac{2n}{3}\)): Contributing only single-layered carries. Large Primes (n < p ≤ 2n): Acting as the ultimate structural column. The paper proves that the collective mass of all small and medium primes grows only sub-exponentially, making them geometrisch unfähig, das gewaltige, exponentielle Gewicht von \(6 \cdot \binom{2n}{n}\) zu tragen. Assuming a complete absence of primes in \((n, 2n]\) forces a structural collapse of the dome for all n ≥ 468. Primes in the Bertrand interval are therefore revealed to be the absolute, load-bearing infrastructure required to balance the system. 🎯 The Methodological Sandbox for Harder Conjectures The value of this paper is explicitly methodological. By demonstrating that the machine's two-pillar foundation (Completeness + Symmetry) can carry a textbook result like Bertrand's postulate without strain, the framework proves its internal consistency and structural sharpness. This establishes the exact geometric proof-language needed to attack harder, open additive challenges — such as Goldbach's conjecture — in subsequent papers of the series. File Content: Full peer-review ready PDF containing complete geometric translation proofs, exact Stirling and Chebyshev theta function bounding logs, and a 5-stage central volume verification matrix (up to n=20 exceeding 8 ⋅ 10¹¹ in volume). Keywords: Bertrand's postulate, Chebyshev's proof, Pascal triangle, central binomial coefficient, prime machine, orbit minimum, Kummer's theorem, p-adic valuation, discrete geometry, mathematical physics.

Keywords

Geometry of Reality, Chebyshev balance, primorial, matchstick construction, prime machine, geometric reading, geometric number theory, symmetry group, coprime residue, Bertrand's postulate, central binomial coefficient, Pascal-dome, orbit minimum

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green