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ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Analytic invisibility at the Baik–Ben Arous–Péché transition: finite-rank Krein structure, exact divergence geometry, and Gaussian fluctuations

Authors: Rastegar, Seyed Ali; Tallavarjula, Surya;

Analytic invisibility at the Baik–Ben Arous–Péché transition: finite-rank Krein structure, exact divergence geometry, and Gaussian fluctuations

Abstract

We study spike-direction spectral measures of spiked Wigner and Wishart matrices across the Baik–Ben Arous–Péché (BBP) transition. Although the usual limiting bulk/atom decomposition of the spike-direction measure develops edge kinks when an outlier is born, we prove that every fixed analytic spike-direction linear statistic is real-analytic in the spike strength across the transition. The mechanism is a Birman–Schwinger pole crossing a branch point onto the second Riemann sheet: the bulk integral loses exactly the residue that the emerging atom gains. We extend this to fixed finite rank through the matrix Krein determinant det(I + m(z)A), and identify the finite-dimensional origin of the statistic as a coupling derivative of an ordinary spectral action. For Gaussian orthogonal/unitary and Gaussian covariance ensembles we prove a fluctuation-level version: a compressed-resolvent central limit theorem, transferred through the analytic Woodbury map, yields Gaussian contour fluctuations whose covariance is analytic in the spike parameters across outlier births. We also compute exact deterministic divergence geometry. In the natural coordinate η, the rank-one energy identity E = η²/(1 − η²) is the diagonal of a finite-rank Szegő/Cauchy Gram kernel, ∫ Tη Tξ dμ = (1 − ηξ)⁻¹. Consequences include tilt-moment recurrences, the first Wigner/Wishart universality break at the third moment, and an exact closed-form Wishart Fisher information. The same resonance picture organizes a four-tier regularity hierarchy at the transition: quadratic functionals diverge, the top eigenvalue is C¹ but not C², the spherical-integral free energy is C² but not C³, and analytic spike-direction linear statistics are C^ω. We close with a detection-theoretic reading that recovers the known subcritical information law as the integrated Hardy norm of the same resonance signal.

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Keywords

BBP transition, finite-rank perturbations, krein determinant, gaussian fluctuations, spiked random matrices, spectral measures

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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