
孪生素数猜想断言存在无穷多对相差2的素数。本文提出一种新方法——平移塔式筛与周期精准切割。利用平方区间性质,将问题转化为在区间 $A=[1,P_t^2-2]$ 中寻找满足 $x\not\equiv1\pmod2$ 且 $x\not\equiv\pm1\pmod{P_i}$($i\ge2$)的整数 $x$。构造基区间 $B=[1,Q_t]$(完全剩余系)和平移区间 $C=Q_t+A$,定义总区间 $U=B\cup C$。利用 $B$ 的完全剩余系性质,证明 $B$ 上的幸存者个数恰为 $Q_tA_t$。利用 $C$ 的周期精准切割,证明在每个筛层,完整周期中的偏差为零,不完整周期中的偏差为 $O(\ln t)$。由此建立递推关系 $N_i\ge N_{i-1}(1-2/P_i)-C_1\ln t$,迭代得下界 $N_t\ge cP_t^2/(\ln P_t)^2-O(t\ln t)$。应用梅滕斯定理得 $N_t\to\infty$,从而证明孪生素数猜想。本方法仅使用初等数论,成功克服经典筛法的奇偶障碍,不依赖任何未证明的猜想。
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