Contemporary Chinese ink figure painting has evolved beyond the aesthetic constraints of traditional literati painting and the singular realistic paradigm of the early modern period, growing into a diverse artistic system embedded in traditional brush-and-ink heritage while engaging with global artistic trends and contemporary social contexts. This study delineates the conceptual connotation and historical evolution of contemporary Chinese ink figure painting, and systematically summarizes its core characteristics from multiple dimensions including artistic conception and theme expression, brush-ink language and formal modeling, style diversification, as well as cultural and aesthetic orientation. By sorting out the inheritance and innovation logic between contemporary creation and traditional painting aesthetics, this paper analyzes how Western modeling concepts, modern artistic thoughts and urban cultural life reshape the visual presentation and spiritual connotation of ink figure works (Yu & Noh, 2024). The research finds that contemporary ink figure painting maintains the intrinsic charm of traditional linear modeling and ink rhythm, breaks the boundary between tradition and modernity, realism and expression, and forms distinctive features of pluralistic style integration, humanistic care awakening, innovative expansion of materials and techniques, and interactive integration of cross-cultural vision. This paper also reflects on the development predicaments faced by contemporary ink figure creation, and offers reference for the inheritance, innovation and sustainable development of ink figure painting in the new era.