This article scientifically analyzes the specific features of the physical development of 7-8-year-old children, their morphofunctional, psychological and motor activity aspects. At this age, the active development of the musculoskeletal system, nervous system, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, high motor activity of children and the ability to quickly master new motor skills are substantiated. The article emphasizes the need for age-specific characteristics, an individual approach, standardization of loads and the use of game elements in the organization of physical education classes. Also, biological, psychological and environmental factors affecting the physical development of children, as well as some shortcomings in existing scientific research, are analyzed and scientific conclusions are given on their elimination.