This is the supplementary data to the publication: The role of hydro power, storage and transmission in the decarbonization of the Chinese power system https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.009 This dataset includes: Hourly wind, solar and electricity load time series for 31 Chinese provinces and their calculations Reservoir hydro stations' effective capacity and inflow time series (details are referred to Daily hydro power time series (1979-2016) for 43 Chinese reservoir hydro stations) Wind and solar power's geographical potential calculations Directory p_nom_min contains existing wind and solar power capacities up to end of 2014 Long-range transmission topologies The bash command scripts initiate three sets of simulations respectively: CO2 emission reduction sweep; 38-year weather input sensitivity; constraining transmission volume. Dependencies: Pypsa vresutils RE-atlas(optional)