
Abstract: This study aims to examine the life of Fakhr al-Din II (1590–1635) and his pivotal role in shaping modern Lebanese history, politically, economically, and culturally. The research focuses on his administrative policies, efforts to unify Mount Lebanon, relations with the Ottoman Empire and European states, and his influence on sectarian balance in the region. The study adopts a historical-documentary analytical approach, reviewing Arabic and foreign sources, and comparing different perspectives regarding his role in Lebanese history. The results show that Fakhr al-Din II played a crucial role in consolidating local leadership, developing administrative and economic structures, and strengthening Lebanon’s position regionally and internationally while maintaining sectarian balance. ملخص: يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة حياة الأمير فخر الدين المعني الثاني (1635–1590) ودوره المحوري في تشكيل تاريخ لبنان الحديث، سواء على الصعيد السياسي، الاقتصادي، أو الثقافي. تركز الدراسة على سياسات الإدارية، جهودها في توحيد جبل لبنان، علاقاته مع الدولة العثمانية والدول الأوروبية، وتأثير حكمه على التوازن الطائفي في المنطقة. اعتمد البحث على منهج التحليل التاريخي الوثائقي، مع مراجعة المصادر العربية والأجنبية، ومقارنة الآراء المختلفة حول دوره في تاريخ لبنان. أظهرت النتائج أن فخر الدين المعني الثاني لعب دورًا حاسمًا في تثبيت سلطة الزعامة المحلية وتطوير البنية الإدارية والاقتصادية لجبل لبنان، كما أسهم في تعزيز مكانة لبنان بين القوى الإقليمية والدولية، مع الحفاظ على التوازن بين الطوائف المختلفة. This version is archived in the Arab International University (AIU) repository for open access and dissemination purposees. The content of this paper has not been modified from the orginal publication. For more information, please visit the official repository of Arab International University (AIU): https://www.aiu.edu.sy
Fakhr al-Din, Modern Lebanese history, Mount Lebanon, Sectarian balance, European states, Ottoman Empire, Administrative policies, Local leadership
Fakhr al-Din, Modern Lebanese history, Mount Lebanon, Sectarian balance, European states, Ottoman Empire, Administrative policies, Local leadership
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