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ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Some Ridge Biasing Parameter for Linear Regression Model and Their Performances on Kibria-Lukman Estimator

Authors: Raheed Saheed Lekan*1, Owolabi Muhammed Ishola1, James Olasunkanmi Oladapo2, Olabode John Oluwasina3, Fawolu Oluseyi Ajayi3, Teliat Rasheed Olusanjo4;

Some Ridge Biasing Parameter for Linear Regression Model and Their Performances on Kibria-Lukman Estimator

Abstract

Multicollinearity, arising from the violation of the independence assumption among explanatory variables in a linear regression model, poses a significant challenge to parameter estimation. It inflates the variances of the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates, leading to unstable coefficient estimates and unreliable inference. To mitigate this problem, several biased estimators such as the Ridge and Liu estimators have been developed. Recently, Kibria and Lukman (2020) introduced the Kibria–Lukman Estimator (KLE), a ridge-type alternative designed to improve estimation accuracy under multicollinearity. However, the efficiency of ridge-type estimators critically depends on the choice of the biasing parameter, which controls the trade-off between bias and variance. This study conducts a comprehensive evaluation of 25 existing ridge biasing parameters alongside three newly proposed parameters within the KLE framework. The proposed estimators were assessed using extensive Monte Carlo simulations under varying levels of multicollinearity and sample sizes. Performance was evaluated based on the Mean Squared Error (MSE) criterion. The results reveal that the proposed estimator, Ridge_kgk, consistently outperforms other competing estimators, demonstrating superior efficiency and stability across different data conditions. The findings highlight the potential of the new biasing parameters in enhancing the robustness and predictive accuracy of ridge-type estimators in multicollinearity regression settings.

Keywords

Regression, Multicollinearity, Kibra –Lukman estimator, Simulation study, Mean Square Error

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green