The article presents the results of studying the quality of soils of agro- and urbocenoses of the Voronezh region. The relative ecological well-being of soils by the content of specific toxic elements is shown. At the same time, the analysis of the total pollution indicators showed that only 10 samples have an acceptable degree. The most dangerous areas are at a distance of 0–100 m from highways, railways, near the airport, enterprises, city streets.