In 1942, in Mediaș, in a publishing house owned by a local German patron, the book "Drepturi românești în Transnistria" by Professor N.P. Vaidomir was published. It was little circulated and very little cited until the occupation of Romania by Soviet troops, and was practically banned during the communist era (under a special regime in the secret collection of several public libraries). After 1989, with the republishing of essential texts regarding Transnistrian Romanianess, N.P. Vaidomir's contribution was omitted. Our research aims to reconstruct the essential data of the author's biography and bibliography, to inventory the content of his research regarding the Romanians in Transnistria, to identify strengths and weaknesses in the content, and to verify the actuality of the ideas expounded in 1942. To this end, we will use document analysis (including unpublished documents from personal archives), comparative analysis, historical and causal approaches.