Zadie Smith, a preeminent contemporary British novelist, has garnered international acclaim for her works that interrogate identity politics, multiculturalism, trauma, ethics, and cosmopolitanism within postmodern London. This paper synthesizes Smith’s literary trajectory—from her debut White Teeth (2000) to later works like Swing Time (2016)—her transformative life experiences shaping her thematic preoccupations, and the current scholarship on her fiction. A comprehensive review of foreign and domestic studies reveals diverse research foci: foreign scholarship explores spatial writing, multicultural hybridity, trauma, and narrative innovations (e.g., “hysterical realism” and metamodernism), while domestic research evolves from initial thematic introductions to in-depth analyses of diaspora, space, and ethics. However, existing studies suffer from three key limitations: overreliance on postcolonial frameworks for identity analysis, insufficient attention to Smith’s narrative styles in the British realist tradition (especially in Chinese scholarship), and inadequate exploration of postmodernity’s impacts on her realism. To address these gaps, the paper proposes three research directions: contextualizing Smith’s realist concerns and identity themes within the interplay of realism and postmodernism, integrating her narrative experimentation with social critiques, and adopting ethical criticism to offer Chinese perspectives on her ethical inquiries. This study aims to reposition Smith’s works beyond narrow postcolonial readings, highlighting her unique contribution to contemporary British realism through the dialectic of deconstruction and humanistic engagement.