The study of the essence of human capital and its importance for entrepreneurial activity was carried out. Human capital is understood to mean the totality of acquired knowledge, skills, motivations and energy that individuals are endowed with and that can be used for a certain period of time for the production of goods and services. We have investigated the state funding of human capital during 2012–2016. Analyzing the data, we came to the conclusion that the largest percentage of expenditures from the state budget of our country is aimed at education, and the smallest for spiritual and physical development. It is established that education is the basis for the formation of human capital, and investment in education is the source of future income. The results of the research showed that there is a tendency to reduce the number of vocational schools and reduce the number of higher educational institutions of I–II levels of accreditation. The directions of improving the inflow of investment in education, which is the basis for the formation of human capital in Ukraine, were proposed.