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ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Sesgo de confirmación en informes periciales: Una perspectiva diferente

Authors: Guaita Guaita, Luis Robert; Espín Estévez, David Alejandro;

Sesgo de confirmación en informes periciales: Una perspectiva diferente

Abstract

Este artículo examina la influencia del sesgo de confirmación en las labores técnico-investigativas desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria. A través de una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa, se identifican patrones de distorsión cognitiva que afectan la objetividad del análisis pericial, especialmente en el ámbito penal. Se describen sus manifestaciones en disciplinas como genética, balística, dactiloscopía, grafotecnia y toxicología, así como los factores individuales, institucionales y situacionales que lo propician, entre ellos la presión mediática, la visión en túnel y la exposición innecesaria a información contextual. Asimismo, se proponen estrategias de mitigación que incluyen la adopción de protocolos estandarizados, la capacitación en razonamiento crítico, la revisión entre pares y el fortalecimiento de la independencia funcional del perito. El estudio concluye con la necesidad de replantear las prácticas forenses bajo marcos epistemológicos, metodológicos y éticos más rigurosos, que garanticen una justicia basada en evidencia objetiva, imparcial y libre de sesgos cognitivos.

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Keywords

Sesgo de confirmación; informes periciales; ciencias forenses; objetividad; mitigación de sesgos

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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold