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License: CC BY
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Article . 2016
License: CC BY
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Impactmessung, Transparenz & Open Science

Impact metrics, transparency & open science
Authors: Herb, Ulrich;

Impactmessung, Transparenz & Open Science

Abstract

Zielsetzung — Der Beitrag diskutiert, inwiefern es genügt, Open Science, die offene Wissenschaft, auf die rein entgeltfreie Verfügbarkeit von Objekten, z.B. wissenschaftlichen Publikationen im Open Access zu kaprizieren, und welche Rolle Impact-Informationen, die Wissenschaft und Wissenschaftler reaktiv steuern, zukommt sowie, ob diese ebenfalls im Sinne der offenen Wissenschaft neu modelliert werden müssen. Forschungsmethoden — Altbekannte, zitationsbasierte Impact-Metriken und neue, alternative Metriken werden anhand folgender Kriterien daraufhin überprüft, ob sie offene Metriken sind: Wissenschaftliche Überprüfbarkeit und Modellierung, Transparenz in ihrem Zustandekommen und ihrer Methodik, Übereinstimmung mit den Prinzipien des offenen Wissens. Ergebnisse — Weder Zitationsmetriken noch alternative Metriken verdienen das Etikett offen. Es fehlt ihnen allen an wissenschaftlichem Gehalt, meist aber auch an Transparenz und Überprüfbarkeit. Insbesondere können die alternativen Metriken die von ihnen teils erwartete Demokratisierung der Wissenschaftsbewertung nicht bewirken. Schlussfolgerungen — Da weder Zitationsmetriken noch alternative Metriken als offen zu bezeichnen sind, erscheint es notwendig, einen Kriterienkatalog offener Metriken zu erarbeiten. Dieser Katalog umfasst Aspekte wie Begründungen und Dokumentationen bei Auswahl an Datenquellen, offene Bereitstellung der Daten, die der Berechnung der Impact-Scores zugrunde liegen, Möglichkeiten, die Daten und die daraus ermittelten Werte automatisiert abzufragen, logische, wissenschaftliche und dokumentierte Begründungen, anhand welcher Formel oder Parameter die Werte berechnet wurden. Objective — The article discusses if it is sufficient to scale down Open Science to a free availability of objects, for example scientific publications (open access), or whether impact metrics that steer science and scientists must also be re-modeled under open science principles. Methods — Well-known, citation-based impact metrics and new, alternative metrics are reviewed using the following criteria to assess whether they are open metrics: Scientific verifiability and modeling, transparency in their construction and methodology, consistency with the principles of open knowledge. Results — Neither citation-based impact metrics nor alternative metrics can be labeled open metrics. They all lack scientific foundation, transparency and verifiability. Conclusions — Since neither citation-based impact metrics nor alternative metrics can be considered open, it seems necessary to draw up a list of criteria for open metrics. This catalog includes aspects such as justifications and documentation for the selection of data sources, open availability of the data underlying the calculation of the impact scores, options to retrieve the data automatically via software interfaces, logical, scientific and documented justifications about the formula or parameters used to calculate impact values.

Please cite as: Ulrich Herb (2016). Impactmessung, Transparenz & Open Science. In: Young Information Scientist, Vol. 1 (2016), S. 59–72. Online: https://yis.univie.ac.at/index.php/yis/article/view/1420

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Germany
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Keywords

transparency, 020, Wissenschaftsforschung, alternative Metriken, open knowledge, methodology, Methodik, altmetrics, offene Wissenschaft, scientometrics, Bibliometrie, citations, Transparenz, Offenes Wissen, open science, impact, Offene Wissenschaft, ddc:020, Wissenschaftsbewertung, Alternative Metriken, Szientometrie, offenes Wissen, Zitate

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
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0
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40
15
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