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Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des populations sur les zoonoses transmises par la faune sauvage et les ruminants dans les régions Menabe et Vatovavy, Madagascar

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of communities on zoonoses transmitted by wildlife and ruminants in the Menabe and Vatovavy regions, Madagascar
Authors: Kassie, Daouda; Foujols, Elisa; Rabarisoa, Hajalalaina; Ravaoarisoa, Lantonirina; Albrechtova, Katerina; Garchitorena, Andres; Chevalier, Véronique;

Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des populations sur les zoonoses transmises par la faune sauvage et les ruminants dans les régions Menabe et Vatovavy, Madagascar

Abstract

Les interactions étroites entre les êtres humains et les animaux peuvent favoriser l'émergence de maladies zoonotiques au sein des communautés humaines. Madagascar, en raison de ses caractéristiques écologiques et culturelles, est particulièrement vulnérable à l'émergence de zoonoses. Notre étude examine les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des populations face aux zoonoses transmises par la faune sauvage et les ruminants dans deux régions écologiquement distinctes de Madagascar, Menabe et Vatovavy. Les données ont été collectées en 2023 auprès de 600 participants (300 par région) pour la faune et en 2024 auprès de 757 participants (299 à Menabe et 458 à Vatovavy). Pour la faune, 42,3 % des participants de Menabe, contre 28,5 % de Vatovavy, ignorent l'existence des zoonoses, avec une différence significative concernant la peste (p < 0,001). La rage et la peste sont mieux connues, mais la leptospirose reste largement méconnue dans les deux régions. Les comportements à risque, comme la chasse et la consommation de viande de brousse sont fréquents, notamment chez les hommes travaillant dans l'agriculture. L'éloignement des forêts influence la pratique de la chasse à Menabe, mais pas à Vatovavy. Pour les ruminants, 76 % des participants de Menabe ignorent que des zoonoses peuvent être transmises par ces animaux, contre 29 % à Vatovavy (p < 0,001). De plus, 42 % des participants de Menabe identifient les bovins comme vecteurs principaux, contre 85 % à Vatovavy (p < 0,001). Les perceptions des risques liés à la consommation de viande de ruminants diffèrent également, avec 71 % des répondants à Menabe contre 88 % à Vatovavy exprimant des inquiétudes par rapport au risque de maladies (p = 0,03). Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité de renforcer les connaissances et les stratégies de gestion des risques zoonotiques, en particulier en matière de pratiques traditionnelles et de consommation de viande.

Close interactions between humans and animals can promote the emergence of zoonotic diseases within human communities. Madagascar, due to its unique ecological and cultural characteristics, is particularly vulnerable to zoonotic disease emergence. Our study examines the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of populations regarding zoonoses transmitted by wildlife and ruminants in two ecologically distinct regions of Madagascar, Menabe and Vatovavy. Data were collected in 2023 from 600 participants (300 per region) for wildlife and in 2024 from 757 participants (299 in Menabe and 458 in Vatovavy) for ruminants. For wildlife, 42.3% of participants in Menabe, compared to 28.5% in Vatovavy, were unaware of the existence of zoonoses, with a significant difference regarding plague awareness (p < 0.001). Rabies and plague were more widely recognized, but leptospirosis remained largely unknown in both regions. Risky behaviors, such as hunting and bushmeat consumption, were common, particularly among men working in agriculture. Proximity to forests influenced hunting practices in Menabe but not in Vatovavy. For ruminants, 76% of participants in Menabe were unaware that zoonoses could be transmitted by these animals, compared to 29% in Vatovavy (p < 0.001). Additionally, 42% of participants in Menabe identified cattle as the primary vectors, compared to 85% in Vatovavy (p < 0.001). Perceptions of risks associated with the consumption of ruminant meat also differed, with 71% of respondents in Menabe versus 88% in Vatovavy expressing concerns about disease risks (p = 0.03). These findings highlight the need to enhance knowledge and risk management strategies for zoonotic diseases, particularly concerning traditional practices and meat consumption.

Country
France
Keywords

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoonoses, Connaissances, Madagascar, Ruminants, Faune sauvage, Faune

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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