Berberis ×baoxingensis X.H.Li, sp.nov. (Figs. 2C–D, 3, 5) Diagnosis: This new species resembles B. sanguinea, B. multiovula and B. bicolor Léveillé (1911:454) in the bicolored flowers, but differs from the latters by the subterete verruculose branches and elliptic to ovate-elliptic leaves. B. ×baoxingensis also exhibits close affinities with B. verruculosa and B. gagnepaini Schneider (1908:196), but differs in the bicolored flowers. Type:— CHINA, Sichuan Province: Baoxing county, Qiaoqi township, elevation 2602 m, 102°41.59′ E, 30°41.24´N, 8 May 2014, X. H. Li, L. C. Zhang & W. H. Li, 140533 (holotype, barcode, NAU 041000, NAU!). Evergreen shrub to 1.7 m tall. Old twigs grey; 2-year-old branches brownish yellow, subterete, covered with dense, raised columnar lenticels, appeared verrucose. Spines 3-fid, stout, the central spines 0.8–2.8 cm long. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 1.5–5.1 × 0.3–1.4 cm; the abaxial surface grey green; the adaxial surface lustrous dark green, margins with 1–13 spinescent teeth on each side, somewhat revolute; apex acute, spine-tipped; base cuneate, usually blending into petiole, petiole indistinct; venation indistinct below, inconspicuously reticulate above, the midrib obviously raised below, depressed above. Flowers solitary, or 2–3 flowers fascicled. Pedicels purple, 0.6–1.9 cm. Tepals 12–18, bicolored; the outer 3–6 sepals purplish red or pink, the other sepals and the petals yellow. The outmost 3 sepals ovate, 2.4–5.1 × 1.4–4.0 mm, trinervious to 5-veined, apex acute to obtuse. The innermost 3 sepals broadly obovate, 5.7–8.0 × 4.7–7.5 mm, usually trinervious, with a few lateral veins, the central vein prominent, apex round to obtuse. The 6 petals broadly obovate, 3.5–5.9 × 2.3–5.6 mm, trinervious, with a few lateral veins, the central vein very prominent, apex retuse, 0.2–0.4 mm deep, base cuneate, nectaries elliptic to ovate-elliptic. Stamens 6, 2.8–4.3 mm, connectives truncate to obtuse. Pistil barrel-shaped, 3.7–4.4 mm, style almost absent, stigma peltate. Ovules 2–6. Berries ovate to ovate-elliptical, purple to purplish black, 8.9–11.6× 4.5–6.1 mm; persistent style inconspicuous; stigma disk-like. Seeds 1–4, ovate-elliptical to elliptical, brown to purplish brown, 4.4–5.9 × 2.3–3.4 mm. Phenology:— Flowering May–June; Fruiting July–December. Habitat and Distribution: Endemic to Middle-West Sichuan Province, growing in bushes on sunny valleys. Etymology:— The specific epithet of this new species refers to its type locality in Baoxing county of Sichuan Province, southwestern China. Selected specimens: B. ×baoxingensis, CHINA. Sichuan Province: Baoxing county, Qiaoqi township, 8 May 2014, X. H. Li, L. C. Zhang & W. H. Li, 140538, 140539 (NAU!); 13 October 2014, X. H. Li, L. C. Zhang & W. H. Li, 141001, 141004, 141008 (NAU!). B. bicolor: CHINA. Guizhou Province: Ma jo, May 1908, Cavalerie 3043 (holotype, barcode, K000077325, K!; isotype, barcode, A 00038732, A, Image!). B. gagnepaini: CHINA. Hubei Province? July 1903, Wilson 3148 (holotype, barcode, P 00716536, P, Image!; isotypes, barcode, BM 001015573, BM!, barcode, K 000077335, K!). B. multiovula: CHINA. Sichuan Province: Baoxing county, Puxi valley, elevation 2900 m, 3 May 1959, Sichuan Economic Plants Expedition, 293 (holotype, barcode, PE 00935173, PE!). B. sanguinea: CHINA. Sichuan Province: Mupin (Baoxing county), April 1869, David s.n. (holotype, barcode, P 00716571, P, Image!); Baoxing county, Qiaoqi township, Niba valley, X. H. Li, L. C. Zhang & W. H. Li, 140529 (NAU!). B. verruculosa: CHINA. Sichuan Province: Tachien lu (Kangding county), July 1904, Wilson 3150 (holotype, barcode, K000077346, K!); Baoxing county, Qiaoqi township, Niba valley, X. H. Li, L. C. Zhang & W. H. Li, 140536 (NAU!). Herbarium acronyms follow Thiers (2015).

Published as part of Li, Xin-Hua, Li, Wen-Hui, Zhang, Li-Cun & Yin, Xiao-Ming, 2015, Berberis × baoxingensis (Berberidaceae), a new putative hybrid from western Sichuan, China, pp. 25-34 in Phytotaxa 227 (1) on pages 31-33, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.227.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13635250