(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The taxonomy, systematics, and distribution of the mammals of Salta Province, Argentina are updated. The fauna includes 9 orders, 29 families, 96 genera, and 141 species. A checklist of the extant species and species of probable occurrence is included, as is a gazetteer of localities. We review the literature published since the publication of Mares et al. (1981a) and Ojeda and Mares (1989), and include new collecting localities.