{"references": ["P. C. Wall, J. M. Ekboir, and P. R. Hobbs, \"Institutional aspects of\nConservation Agriculture\". International Workshop on CA for\nSustainable Wheat Production with Cotton in Limited Water Resource\nAreas. Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Oct.13-18, 2002, G. O. Young, \"Synthetic\nstructure of industrial plastics (Book style with paper title and editor),\"\nin Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill,\n1964, pp. 15-64.", "M. Paraschivu, G. Paunescu, and A.M, Paraschivu, \"Conservation\nAgriculture, an alternative for a sustainable agriculture, From the\nMexican Agriculture Experience\", Annals of INCDA Fundulea,\nVol.LXXVII, 2009", "A. Limon-Ortega, K. D. Sayer, R. A. Drijber, and C.A. Francis, \"Soil\nattributes in a furrow- irrigated bed planting system in northwest\nMexico\", in Soil Tillage Res., 2002, 63, pp.123-132", "B. Govaerts, K. Sayre, N. Verhulst, L. Dendooven, A. Limon-Ortega,\nand L. Patino-Zuniga, \"The effects of conservation agriculture on\ncrop performance, soil quality and potential emission reduction and\nC segregation in contrasting environments in Mexico\", www.fao.org", "A. Hemmat, and I. Eskandari, \"Conservation tillage practices for\nWinter Wheat-fallow farming in the temperate continental climate in\nNorth Western Iran\", in Field Crops Research, 2004, Vol.89, Issue 1,\npp.123-133", "M. Tursunov I. Bobojonov, J. P. A. Lamers,and A. Pulatov, \"The\nComparative Advantage of Conservation Agriculture in Wheat and\nCotton Rotation in the Khorezm Region, Aral Sea Basin\",\"Prosperity\nand Poverty in a Globalized World: Challenges for Agriculture\nResearch\", Tropentag, 2006, Bonn Germany", "K. Giller, E. Witter, M. Corbeels, and P. Tittonell, \"Conservation\nAgriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: The heretics view\", in\nField Crops Research, 2009, Vol.114, Issue 1, pp.23-34", "C. Thierfeler, and P.C.Wall, \"Investigating conservation agriculture\nsystems in Zambia and Zimbabwe to mitigate future effects of climate\nchange\", in African Crop Science Conference Proceedings, 2009,\nVol.9, pp.303-307", "L. Rusinamhodzi, M. C. Rufino, M. van Wjik, J. Nyamangara, M.\nCorbeels, and K.E. Giller, \"Long-term effects of Conservation\nAgriculture practices on maize yields under rain-fed conditions\".\nProceedings of Agro 2010:The XI th ESA Congress, Aug.29-Sept.3,\n2010, Montpellier, France, Agropolis International, pp.227-228\n[10] R. Sommer, P. C. Wall, and B. Govaerts, \"Model-based assessment of\nmaize cropping under conventional and conservation agriculture in\nhighland Mexico\", in Soil and Tillage Research, 2007, Vol.94, Issue 1,\npp.83-100\n[11] M. K. Devkota, C. Martius, K. D. Sayre, O. Egomberdiev, K. P.\nDevkota, R. K. Gupta, A. M. Manschadi, and J. P. A. Lamers,\n\"Performance of maize under CA on salt-affected irrigated croplands in\nUzbekistan, Central Asia\", Tropentag, 2010, Conference on\nInternational Research on Food Security, National Resource\nManagement and Rural Development\n[12] K. Sayre, K.,and P. Hobbs, \"The raised-bed system of cultivation for\nirrigated production conditions\", in: \"Sustainable agriculture and the\nRice-Wheat System\". Lal, R.P., Hobbs, N., Uphoff and D. O. Hansen\n(eds). Ohio State University, Columbia, Ohio, USA, p.337-355. In:\nPerformance of maize under CA on salt-affected irrigated croplands in\nUzbekistan, Central Asia, Devkota, M.K., C. Martius, K.D. Sayre, O.\nEgomberdiev, K.P.Devkota, R.K.Gupta, A.M. Manschadi, J.P.A.\nLamers (eds), Tropentag, 2010, Conference on International Research\non Food Security, National Resource Management and Rural\nDevelopment\n[13] R.Lal, D.C., Reicosky, and J. D. Hanson, \"Evolution of the plow over\n10,000 years and the rationale for no-till farming\", in Soil and Tillage\nResearch 93(1), pp.1-12, in \"Performance of maize under CA on saltaffected\nirrigated croplands in Uzbekistan, Central Asia\", Devkota,\nM.K., C. Martius, K.D.Sayre, O. Egomberdiev, K.P. Devkota,\nR.K.Gupta, A.M. Manschadi, J.P.A. Lamers (eds), Tropentag, 2010,\nConference on International Research on Food Security, National\nResource Management and Rural Development\n[14] H. Pang, Yu-Yi Li, Jin-Song Yang, Ye-Sen Liang, \"Effect of blackish\nwater irrigation and straw mulching on soil salinity and crop yields\nunder monsoonal climatic conditions. African Water\nManagement\":doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2009.08.020, in \"Performance of\nmaize under CA on salt-affected irrigated croplands in Uzbekistan,\nCentral Asia\", Devkota, M.K., C. Martius, K.D. Sayre, O. Egomberdiev,\nK.P. Devkota, R.K. Gupta, A.M. Manschadi, J.P.A. Lamers (eds),\nTropentag, 2010, Conference on International Research on Food\nSecurity, National Resource Management and Rural Development\n[15] P. De Vita, E. Di, Paolo, G. Fecondo, N. Di Fonzo, and M.Isante,\n\"No-tillage and conventional tillage effects on durum wheat yield, grain\nquality and soil moisture content in Southern Italy\", in Soil and Tillage\nResearch 92: pp. 69-78. In: \"Performance of maize under CA on saltaffected\nirrigated croplands in Uzbekistan, Central Asia\", Devkota,\nM.K., C. Martius, K. D. Sayre, O. Egomberdiev, K. P. Devkota, R. K.\nGupta, A. M. Manschadi, J.P.A. Lamers (eds), Tropentag, 2010,\nConference on International Research on Food Security, National\nResource Management and Rural Development\n[16] R. A. Fisher, F. Santiveri, and I. R. Vidal, \"Crop rotation, tillage and\ncrop residue management for wheat and maize in the sub-humid tropical\nhighlands: II. Maize and system performance\", in Field Crops\nResearch 79(2-3), pp.123-137 in \"Performance of maize under CA on\nsalt-affected irrigated croplands in Uzbekistan, Central Asia\", Devkota,\nM.K., C.Martius, K.D. Sayre, O. Egomberdiev, K.P. Devkota, R.K.\nGupta, A.M. Manschadi, J.P.A. Lamers (eds), Tropentag, 2010,\nConference on International Research on Food Security, National\nResource Management and Rural Development\n[17] O. Erenstein, K. Sayre, P.C. Wall, J. Dixon, and J. Hellin, \"Adapting\nNo - Tillage Agriculture to the condition of smallholder Maize and\nWheat Farmers in the Tropics and Sub-Tropics\", 2008,\nwww.cultivationsudan.com :pp.253-277\n[18] H. Kabama, and A. Muimba-Kankolongo, \"Adoption and impact of\nconservation farming on crop productivity among smallholder farmers\nin Kapiri Mposhi District of Zambia\", in Journal of Animal & Plant\nSciences, 2009, Vol.3, Issue 2, pp.205-214\n[19] R. Derpsh, \"No-tillage and Conservation Agriculture. A progress\nReport\". In \"No-till farming systems\", Goddard T., Zoebisch, M.A.,\nGen, Y.T., Ellis, W., Watson, A., Soubatpenit, S., (Eds), 2008. Special\npublication No.3, World Association of Soil and Water Conservation,\nBangkok, 60-1, pp.544.\n[20] Informative Sheet No.5.\"Conservation Agriculture, Durable Agriculture\nand Soil Conservation. Agricultural Methods and Systems\nnondangerous for Soil\" www.soco.jtc.europa.eu,.\n[21] D. Malschi Dana, A. Ivas, A. Simon, and M. Ignea, \"Evolution of\nWheat pests and production performance under conservation technology\nand treatments with insecticides adequate to present climate change\",\nin Scientific Session, INCDA Fundulea, SCDA Turda, 2011, Romania\n[22] F. Chetran, \"Technology Peculiarities in Winter Wheat in Conservation\nAgriculture\", Scientific Session, INCDA Fundulea, SCDA Turda, 2011,\nRomania\n[23] C. Nagy, M. Ignea, A. Simon, and V. Pacurar, \"A few concerns\nrelated to the Implementation of Conservation Agriculture in\ncommercial farms\", Transilvanian Agriculture, No.13/2008\n[24] M.A. Grigoras, and M. Ignea, \"Crop and Integrated Systems\nManagement for obtaining high Quantitative and Qualitative\nProductions\", Romania, Research National Partnership Project 52-\n179/2008-2011, Romania\n[25] T. Rusu, and M. Ignea, \"Monitoring the Impact of agriculture on global\nclimate change, water and soil management and carbon by conservation\nsystems: minimum tillage and no-tillage in the Transilvanian Plain\",\nResearch National Partnership Project 52-114/2008, Romania"]}

An experimental study is presented on the effect of Conservation Agriculture (CA) compared to Conventional Agriculture (ConvA) upon Maize Yield based on split-plot model. Two factors have been considered: A Factor-Fertilization with two variants: A1- N40P40 kg/ha and A2- N90P70 kg/ha; B Factor- Crop protection with 4 variants : B1- 4 treatments, B2-3 treatments, B3- 2 treatments and B4- 1 treatment. In comparison with conventional agriculture, CA determined lower maize yields. Fertilization is the key factor determining a yield gain of 973.58 kg/ha in ConvA and 1,123.33 kg/ha in CA. A reduced number of treatments determined a yield decline. The A-B interaction had a positive effect on maize yield when a larger amount of fertilizer and 4 or 3 treatments were applied in ConvA and a benefic in CA for highest fertilization level and 2 treatments. The B2A2 ConvA variant was the most efficient leading to 302.67 kg/ha gain while B3A2 CA variant brought 181.33 kg production gain.