Since the creation of the European Higher Education Area EHEA in 1999, the development of new teaching models, in which the student takes responsibility for their learning, has been favoured. In this educational context, pedagogical leadership, understood as that oriented to the improvement of student achievement and performance, is presented as a response capable of promoting and improving both the quality of Higher Education and the teaching-learning processes. This study is intended to analyse the incidence of pedagogical leadership in Higher Education institutions from the most current scientific literature. Pedagogical leadership can be defined as a leadership that will have an influence on the student’s performance. For this, a systematic review was carried out in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. 17 of the 288 articles reviewed were accepted. Therefore, the representation in the scientific literature of leadership aimed at improving student performance in Higher Education is still limited and incipient. As main contributions, the need to incorporate this leadership model in Higher Education institutions is highlighted, as an element of change and improvement of quality in them, as well as to evaluate the results obtained after its incorporation in Higher Education.