{"references": ["FAS, F.o.A.S. Harnessing the power of video games for learning. 2006\n[cited 8 Mei 2008]; Available from: http://www.fas.org.", "Prensky, M., Digital Game-Based Learning. 2001, New York: Mc Graw\nHill.", "Gee, J.P., What video games have to teach us about learning and\nliteracy. 2003, New York: Palgrave MacMillan.", "Oblinger, D.G., Games and learning :Digital games have the potential to\nbring play back to the learning experience. Educause quarterly 2006(3):\np. 5-7.", "Hirumi, A. and C. Stapleton, Applying pedagogy during game\ndevelopment to enhance game based learning, in Book Technologies for\nE-Learning and Digital Entertainment 2008, Springer Verlag Berlin\nHeidelberg. p. 509-517.", "Gee, J.P. Good Video Games and Good Learning. 2006 [cited 10\nSeptember 2008.]; Available from:\nhttp://www.academiccolab.org/resources/documents/Good_Learning.pdf\n.", "Garris, R., R. Ahlers, and J.E. Driskell, Games, Motivation, and\nLearning: A Research and Practice Model. Simulation and Gaming,\n2002. 33(4): p. 441-467.", "Norizan, M.D., Pendekatan Bercerita dan Permainan dalam\nPembangunan Perisian Kursus Akhlak Islamiah. 2003, UKM: Bangi.", "Izam Shah, B., Perisian Pengembaraan Multimedia :Edutainment Dalam\nPendidikan Agama Islam Sekolah Rendah, in Fakulti Teknologi dan\nSains Maklumat. 2007, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: Bangi,\nMalaysia.\n[10] Roslina Ibrahim, et al., Students Perceptions of Using Educational\nGames to Learn Introductory Programming. Computer and Information\nScience, 2011. 4(1): p. 205 - 216.\n[11] Barnes, T., et al. Game2Learn: Building CS1 Learning Games for\nRetention. in ITiCSE-07. 2007. Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom.\n[12] Garzotto, F. Investigating the Educational Effectiveness of Multiplayer\nOnline Games for Children. in Interaction Design and Children (IDC\n2007). 2007. Aalborg, Denmark: ACM Press.\n[13] Virvao, M.K., George. Manos Konstantinos Combining software games\nwith education: Evaluation of its educational effectiveness. Educational\nTechnology & Society, 2005. 8(2): p. 54-65.\n[14] Hill, J. Impacts of playing video games on learning in children.\nLiterature Synthesis for Applying Research 2006 [cited October 2010];\nAvailable from: jinayang.myweb.uga.edu/edit6900/resources/report.pdf.\n[15] Sugimoto, M. What can children learn through game-based learning\nsystems. in 1st IEEE International Workshop on Digital Game and\nIntellignet Toy Enhanced Learning (DIGITEL '07). 2007: IEEE Xplore.\n[16] Jaspaljeet, S.L.L.W., Mohana Shanmugam,Saraswathy Shamini\nGunasekaran, Siva Kumar Dorairaj, Designing Computer Games to\nIntroduce Programming to Children, in Information Technology and\nMultimedia at UNITEN (ICIMU- 2008), Uniten, Editor. 2008: Selangor,\nMalaysia. p. 643-647.\n[17] Roslina, I., C.M.Y. Rasimah, and J. Azizah. Computer Games Playing\nActivities: Habits of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Student. in\nInternational Conference on IT and Multimedia (ICIMU). 2008. Bangi,\nSelangor: Uniten.\n[18] Nor Azan, M. and S. Wong, Game Based Learning (GBL) Model for\nHistory Courseware: A Preliminary Analysis, in International\nSymposium on Information Technology (ITSIM). H.e.a. (Eds.), Editor.\n2008, UKM: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. p. 253-260.\n[19] Rubijesmin, A.L. Understanding Malaysian students as gamers:\nExperience. in Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on\nDigital interactive Media in Entertainment and Arts 2007. Perth,\nAustralia: ACM.\n[20] Nor Azan, M., J. Azizah, and S. Wong, Digital Game-based learning\n(DGBL) model and development methodology for teaching history.\nWSEAS Transactions on Computers, 2009. 8(2): p. 322-333.\n[21] Seddon, F. and M. Biasutti, Evaluating a music e-learning resources.\nThe participants perspectives Computers & Education, 2009. 53(3): p.\n541-549.\n[22] Bourgonjon, J., et al., Students- perceptions about the use of video\ngames in the classroom. Computers and Education, 2010. 54(2010): p.\n1145-1156.\n[23] Wang, Y.-S., M.-C. Wu, and H.-Y. Wang, Investigating the\ndeterminants and age and gender differences in the acceptance of mobile\nlearning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 2009. 40(1): p. 92-\n118.\n[24] Marchewka, J.T., C. Liu, and K. Kostiwa, An Application of the\nUTAUT Model for Understanding Student Perceptions Using Course\nManagement Software. Communications of the IIMA, 2007. 7(2): p. 93\n- 104.\n[25] Selim, H.M., Critical success factors for e-learning acceptance:\nConfirmatory factor models. Computer and Education, 2007. 49(2007):\np. 396 - 413.\n[26] Bourgonjon, J., et al., Exploring the Acceptance of Video Games in the\nClassroom by Secondary School Students, in 17th International\nConference on Computers in Education S.C. Kong, Ogata, H., Arnseth,\nH.C., Chan, C.K.K., Hirashima, T., Klett, F., Lee, J.H.M., Liu, C.C.,\nLooi, C.K., Milrad, M., Mitrovic, A., Nakabayashi, K., Wong, S.L.,\nYang, S.J.H, Editor. 2009, Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in\nEducation: Hong Kong. p. 651 - 658.\n[27] Dillon, A. and M. Morris, User acceptance of new information\ntechnology: theories and models, in Annual Review of Information\nScience and Technology, M. Williams, Editor. 1996, Information Today:\nMedford NJ. p. 3-32.\n[28] Davis, F.D., Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user\nacceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 1989. 13(Sep\n1989): p. 319-340.\n[29] Venkatesh, V., et al., User acceptance of information technology:\nToward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 2003. 27(3): p. 423 - 478.\n[30] Rogers, E.M., Diffusion of Innovations. 3 ed. 1983, New York: The Free\nPress.\n[31] Masrom, M., et al., Development of a Research Framework for\nAnalyzing Smart Card Technology Acceptance. MASAUM Journal of\nComputing Vol.1 No.1 August 2009, 2009. 1(1): p. 37 - 43.\n[32] Indrawati, S. Murugesan, and M. Raman, A New Conceptual Model of\nMobile Multimedia Services (MMS) and 3G Network Adoption in\nIndonesia. International Journal of Information Science and\nManagement, 2010(Special Issue): p. 49-63.\n[33] Wu, Y.-L. and Y.-H. Tao, The use of unified theory of acceptance and\nuse of technology to confer the behavioral model of 3G mobile\ntelecommunication users. Journal of Statistics & Management Systems,\n2008. 11(5): p. 919-949.\n[34] AlAwadhi, S. and A. Morris, The Use of the UTAUT Model in the\nAdoption of E-government Services in Kuwait, in 41st Hawaii\nInternational Conference on System Sciences. 2008, IEEE: Hawaii. p. 1-\n11.\n[35] Wang, Y.-S., Y.-H. Hung, and S.-C.T. Chou, Acceptance of EGovernment\nService: A Validation of the UTAUT, in Proceedings of the\n5th WSEAS International Conference on E-ACTIVITIES, November\n20-22, 2006. 2006, WSEAS: Venice, Italy. p. 165-170.\n[36] YenYuen, Y. and P.H.P. Yeow, User Acceptance of Internet Banking\nService in Malaysia, in WEBIST 2008, J.C.e.a. (Eds.), Editor. 2009,\nSpringer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009. p. 295 - 306.\n[37] Al-Qeisi, K.I., Analyzing the Use of UTAUT Model in Explaining an\nOnline Behaviour: Internet Banking Adoption, in Department of\nMarketing and Branding, Brunel University. 2009, Brunel University:\nBrunel.\n[38] Hennington, A.H. and B.D. Janz, Information systems and healthcare\nxvi: physician adoption of electronic medical records: Applying the\nUTAUT model in a healthcare context. Communications of the\nAssociation for Information Systems (Volume 19, 2007) 60-80, 2007.\n19(2007): p. 60-80.\n[39] Wills, M.J., O.F. El-Gayar, and D. Bennett, Examiningg healthcare\nprofessionals' acceptance of electronic medical records using UTAUT.\nIssues in Information Systems, 2008. IX(2): p. 396-401.\n[40] Ha, I., Y. Yoon, and M. Choi, Determinants of adoption of mobile\ngames under mobile broadband wireless access environment.\nInformation and Management, 2007. 44(2007): p. 276 - 286.\n[41] Hsu, C.-L. and H.-P. Lu, Why do people play on-line games? An\nextended TAM with social influences and flow experience. Information\n& Management, 2004. 41(7): p. 853-868.\n[42] Wang, H.-Y. and Y.-S. Wang, Gender differences in the perception and\nacceptance of online games. British Journal of Educational Technology,\n2008. 39(5): p. 787-806.\n[43] Wu, J. and D. Liu, The Effects of Trust and Enjoyment on Intention to\nPlay Online Games. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 2007.\n8(2): p. 128 - 140.\n[44] Kebritchi, M., Factors affecting teachers- adoption of educational\ncomputer games: A case study. British Journal of Educational\nTechnology, 2010. 44(2): p. 256-270.\n[45] Pedersen, P.E. and R. Ling. Modifying adoption research for mobile\ninternet service adoption: cross-disciplinary interactions. . in\nProceedings of the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System\nSciences (HICSS-36). 2003. \u00d4\u00c7\u00f3 Big Island, HI, Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE\nComputer Society Press.\n[46] Venkatesh, V. and M.G. Morris, Why don-t men ever stop to ask for\ndirections? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology\nacceptance and usage behavior. MIS Quarterly, 2000. 24(1): p. 115-139.\n[47] Davis, F.D., R.P. Bagozzi, and P.R. Warshaw, Extrinsic and intrinsic\nmotivation to use computers in the workplace. Journal of Applied Social\nPsychology 1992. 22: p. 1111-1132.\n[48] Chesney, T., An acceptance model for useful and fun information\nsystems An Interdisciplinary Journal on Humans in ICT Environments,\n2006. 2(225 - 235).\n[49] van der Heijden, H., User acceptance of hedonic information systems.\nMIS Quarterly, 2004. 28(4): p. 695-704.\n[50] Ha, I., Y. Yoon, and M. Choi, Determinants of adoption of mobile\ngames under mobile broadband wireless access environment.\nInformation & Management, 2007. 44(3): p. 276-286.\n[51] Ajzen, I., From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behaviour,\nJ. Khul and J. Beckmann, Editors. 1985, Springer-Verlag, Berlin\nHeidlberg: New York Tokyo.\n[52] Venkatesh, V. and F.D. Davis, A theoretical extension of the\nTechnology Acceptance Model: Four longitudinal field studies.\nManagement Sciences, 2000. 46(2): p. 186-204.\n[53] Fu, F.L., R.C. Su, and S.C. Yu, EGameFlow: A scale to measure\nlearners- enjoyment of e-learning games. Computers and Education,\n2009. 52: p. 101-112.\n[54] Chesney, T., Measuring the context of information systems use. Journal\nof Information Technology Management, 2008. XIX(3): p. 9-20."]}

Educational games (EG) seem to have lots of potential due to digital games popularity and preferences of our younger generations of learners. However, most studies focus on game design and its effectiveness while little has been known about the factors that can affect users to accept or to reject EG for their learning. User acceptance research try to understand the determinants of information systems (IS) adoption among users by investigating both systems factors and users factors. Upon the lack of knowledge on acceptance factors for educational games, we seek to understand the issue. This study proposed a model of acceptance factors based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). We use original model (performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence) together with two new determinants (learning opportunities and enjoyment). We will also investigate the effect of gender and gaming experience that moderate the proposed factors.