The heightened interest in the comparative study of languages among Soviet linguists is explained by the increased role of the Russian language in our multinational country and throughout the world, the process of bringing nations and nationalities closer together, and the desire to improve the teaching and learning of foreign languages. languages, the inclusion in the curriculum of universities that train teachers in foreign languages of a discipline called “comparative typology of native and foreign languages”, the introduction of the principle of referring to the facts of the native language when developing methods for teaching a non-native language.