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La Psicología Mesoamericana: Ideas Psicológicas, Psicopatológicas Y Psicoterapéuticas En Las Culturas Maya, Purépecha Y Azteca

علم النفس في أمريكا الوسطى: الأفكار النفسية والأمراض النفسية والعلاج النفسي في ثقافات المايا والبوريبيشا والأزتيك
Authors: David Pavón‐Cuéllar;

La Psicología Mesoamericana: Ideas Psicológicas, Psicopatológicas Y Psicoterapéuticas En Las Culturas Maya, Purépecha Y Azteca

Abstract

Cet article offre un aperçu des idées psychologiques dans les cultures mésoaméricaines, en particulier à l'époque préhispanique, mais aussi dans les siècles suivants. Une attention particulière est accordée aux psychologies maya, purepecha et aztèque. La psychologie maya déploie ses classifications psychopathologiques, ses techniques thérapeutiques et ses représentations du lien entre l'âme et le corps. Ce lien est approfondi dans une psychologie pure et essentiellement sociale et clairement matérialiste. Dans le cas de la psychologie aztèque, en plus de la relation entre le corps et l'âme, ses conceptions de la maladie mentale, ses figures sociales équivalentes à celles du psychologue actuel et son double principe in ixtli, in yollotl sont présentés. Enfin, l'affrontement entre les psychologies amérindienne et européenne est abordé, ainsi que la survie ultérieure de la psychologie mésoaméricaine à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur des communautés autochtones. Mots-clés : psychologie amérindienne ; psychologie au Mexique ; aztèques ; mayas ; purepechas

El presente articulo ofrece una vision panoramica de las ideas psicologicas en las culturas mesoamericanas, particularmente en la epoca prehispanica, pero tambien en siglos posteriores. Se presta especial atencion a las psicologias maya, purepecha y azteca. La psicologia maya despliega sus clasificaciones psicopatologicas, sus tecnicas terapeuticas y sus representaciones de la vinculacion entre el alma y el cuerpo. Esta vinculacion es profundizada en una psicologia purepecha esencialmente social y claramente materialista. En el caso de la psicologia azteca, ademas de la relacion entre el cuerpo y el alma, se muestran sus concepciones de la enfermedad mental, sus figuras sociales equivalentes a las del psicologo actual y su doble principio de in ixtli, in yollotl . Para terminar, se aborda el enfrentamiento entre las psicologias amerindia y europea, asi como la ulterior subsistencia de la psicologia mesoamericana dentro y fuera de las comunidades indigenas. Palabras clave: psicologia amerindia; psicologia en Mexico; aztecas; mayas; purepechas

This article offers an overview of psychological ideas in Mesoamerican cultures, particularly in the pre-Hispanic era, but also in later centuries. Special attention is paid to the Mayan, Purepecha and Aztec psychologies. Mayan psychology displays its psychopathological classifications, its therapeutic techniques and its representations of the link between soul and body. This linkage is deepened in an essentially social and clearly materialistic Purepecha psychology. In the case of Aztec psychology, in addition to the relationship between body and soul, its conceptions of mental illness, its social figures equivalent to those of the current psychologist and its double principle of in ixtli, in yollotl are shown. Finally, the confrontation between Amerindian and European psychologies is addressed, as well as the subsequent subsistence of Mesoamerican psychology inside and outside the indigenous communities. Keywords: Amerindian psychology; psychology in Mexico; Aztecs; Mayans; Purepechas

تقدم هذه المقالة لمحة عامة عن الأفكار النفسية في ثقافات أمريكا الوسطى، لا سيما في عصر ما قبل الإسباني، ولكن أيضًا في القرون اللاحقة. ويولى اهتمام خاص لعلم نفس المايا والبوريبيشا والأزتيك. يعرض علم نفس المايا تصنيفاته النفسية المرضية وتقنياته العلاجية وتمثيلاته للعلاقة بين الروح والجسد. يتعمق هذا الارتباط في علم نفس البوريبيخا الاجتماعي بشكل أساسي والمادي بشكل واضح. في حالة علم النفس الأزتكي، بالإضافة إلى العلاقة بين الجسد والروح، يتم عرض مفاهيمه للمرض العقلي، وشخصياته الاجتماعية التي تعادل شخصيات عالم النفس الحالي ومبدأه المزدوج في إكستلي، في يولوتل. أخيرًا، يتم تناول المواجهة بين علم النفس الأمريكي الهندي وعلم النفس الأوروبي، بالإضافة إلى الكفاف اللاحق لعلم النفس في أمريكا الوسطى داخل وخارج مجتمعات السكان الأصليين. الكلمات المفتاحية: علم نفس الهنود الحمر ؛ علم النفس في المكسيك ؛ الأزتيك ؛ المايا ؛ البوريبيشا

Keywords

purépechas, Social Psychology, Social Sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, FOS: Humanities, aztecas, psicología en México, Psicología indígena, FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion, FOS: Psychology, Cultural Psychology, Humanities, Philosophy, Psicología mesoamericana, psicología amerindia, mayas, The Dialogical Self: Personal and Cultural Positioning, History and Development of Psychological Science, Psychology, Research Methodology in Psychology and Education, General Psychology

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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