2. Smicromyrme plantourianus Schwartz, 1986 (Figs. 2A–L, 3A–G, 4A–F, 5A–H) Smicromyrme plantouriana Schwartz, 1986: Nouvelle Revue d’entomologie (Nouvelle Série), 3 (1): 122 (♀, description: holotype “Plan de la Tour (Var)” [France], 19-VII-1983 (collection Schwartz)). Lelej 2002: 78 (catalogued). Smicromyrme plantourianus: Pagliano et al. 2020: 200 (catalogued). Material examined (26♀♀, 1♁). FEMALE. PORTUGAL (all specimens R. Matias leg., det. & coll., unless otherwise stated). BRAGANÇA: Vale de Águia (Miranda do Douro; site: 41°31'35.86"N 6°14'48.96"W, 701 m asl), 16.viii.2022, 1♀; SW from Aldeia Nova (Miranda do Douro; site: 41°32'05.78"N 6°14'09.37"W, 707 m asl), 16.viii.2022, 1♀; ca. 700 m W from camping park of Miranda do Douro (site: 41°29'37.12"N 6°17'42.88"W, 699 m asl), 18.viii.2022, 1♀; ca. 1 km SW from Vale de Águia (Miranda do Douro; site: 41°31'20.48"N 6°15'28.13"W, 698 m asl), 18.viii.2022, 1♀. COIMBRA: ca. 1 km SE of Arganil, valley of Ribeira da Nogueira, serra da Aveleira, Folques (Arganil, site: 40°12'23.46"N 8°02'27.72"W, 250 m asl), 25.viii.2016, 2♀♀ (1 form ‘curtiventris’). SANTARÉM: Virtudes (Azambuja; site: 39°05'23.5"N 8°50'01.9"W, 47 m asl), 22.ix.2022, 1♀. LISBON: Quinta do Hespanhol (Dois Portos, Torres Vedras; site: 39°03’19.11”N 9°09’39.60”W, 141 m asl), 25.viii.2002, 3♀♀. Quinta da Charneca — Casais do Sol (Carvoeira, Torres Vedras; site: 39°04’18.97”N 9°10’03.67”W, 155 m asl): 14.viii.2018, 1♀ (form ‘curtiventris’); 13.viii.2019, 1♀; 14.viii.2019, 2♀♀ (1 form ‘curtiventris’); 15.viii.2019, 3♀ (1 form ‘curtiventris’); 1.vii.2021, 1♀ (form ‘curtiventris’); 4.vii.2021, 2♀♀. SETÚBAL: Lagoa de Santo André (Santiago do Cacém; site: 38° 5’16.88”N 8°46’59.24”W, 6 m asl), 25.viii.1999, 1♀. PORTALEGRE: Fonte Fria, Salão Frio, Serra de São Mamede (Portalegre; site: 39°19’1.29”N 7°24’50.34”W, 643 m asl), 13.vii.1999, 1♀. BEJA: road to São Luís, Vila Nova de Milfontes (Odemira), 9.vii.1972, 1♀ (N.N. Mendoça leg., R. Matias det.), MNHNCENT32372; Porto das Barcas, Vila Nova de Milfontes (Odemira), 21.vii.1972, 1♀ (N.N. Mendoça leg., R. Matias det.), MNHNCENT35742; ca. 4 km NNE from Odemira, valley of Ribeira do Torgal (Odemira; site: 37°38'10.48"N 8°37'08.52"W, 19 m asl), 15.vii.2019, 1♀; valley of Corgo do Porto da Mó, Foros da Pereira, Vila Nova de Milfontes (Odemira; site: 37°45’00.44”N 8°43’15.70”W, 39 m asl), 17.vii.2019, 1♀. MALE. PORTUGAL. GUARDA: Paços da Serra (Gouveia; 560 m asl; ca. 40°27'N 7°39'W), 27.vii.1986, 1♁, “ na piscina [inside swimming pool]” (F. Mendoça leg., R. Matias det.), MNHNCENT32348. Diagnosis. FEMALE (Figs. 2–4). Robust Smicromyrme with proportionately large and broad head, well developed behind the eyes (wider than mesosoma), subtrapezoidal mesosoma, medially black pronotal band (clear from pronotal angles), single large basomedial spot of pale golden recumbent pubescence over T2, transverse spot of pale golden recumbent pubescence over vertex, clypeus with lower half trapezoidal with subapical tubercle on each anterolateral corner; additional features of this species are dorsally trapezoidal T1, legs brownish-red most frequently with profemur medially contrastingly blackish; pygidium basally broad, oval to sub-triangular, blackish, covered in basally concentric and laterally divergent sub-parallel thin striae down to apex; scutellar scale narrow, small and rounded, apically darkened; mandible broad and robust, the distal element weakly convex externally. Body length 4.8–7.9 mm. MALE (hitherto unknown) (Fig. 5). Robust Smicromyrme, recognizable by silvery-yellowish appressed pubescence forming broad apical band on T2 medially weakly enlarged triangularly and full bands over T3–4, together with unique clypeus structure, with concave, weakly upturned anterior margin with two anterolateral slightly divergent tuberculi; additional, though not exclusive, characteristics include infuscate yellowish-brown wings, abundant appressed golden pubescence on vertex, gena, malar space and external surface of mandible, blackish-brown T1 and reddish-brown S1, very fine dense punctation over T2, and robust tridentate mandible. Body length 11.1 mm. Redescription. FEMALE (n = 24). Body length 4.8–7.9 mm. 1. Colour of integument. Head mostly black, with variably orange-brown to brownish-red clypeus, postgena and postgenal bridge, oral fossa partially and anterior malar space. Mandible basally mostly dark orange-red with blackish apical third. Antennal tubercle brownish-red.Antenna orange-brown, distally weakly darkened; scape dark orange-brown distally paler; pedicel orange-brown; typically flagellum orange-brown, progressively darker from F1 to F10: F1 darkened distally, F2–10 ventrally dull orange-brown, dorsally progressively darker greyish-brown, darkest on F7–10; each flagellomere with weakly darker terminal band. Mesosoma medium reddish-brown, except for thin and well defined black band (Fig. 2H) over the central ca. 60% of pronotum (width similar or slightly narrower than distance between the eyes), blackish propleuron, darkened scutellar scale and darkened humeral carina. Legs orange-brown, except for dark-brown procoxa and dark reddish-brown meso and metacoxa (paler orange-brown distally), and profemur medially darkened; tibial spines pale yellowish-brown to brown (darkened distally); tibial spurs yellowish-white, translucent. Metasoma all black dorsally, except for T1 dark reddish-brown basolaterally, including basal tubercle, dark purplish-red apex of otherwise black pygidium, and reddish-brown apical lobes of S6 (visible dorsally); S1 reddish-brown, S2 blackish, S3–5 basally dark orange-brown apically darker, S6 dark reddish-brown. 2. Pubescence. Head. Vertex covered with moderately dense pale golden recumbent pubescence, forming well defined transverse elliptical spot, reaching inner margin of eyes and extending medially slightly towards lower vertex (Figs. 2A, 2G); punctation visible underneath pubescence; upper vertex (posterior to pale pubescent spot) with sparse black recumbent pubescence; dark-brown erect setae sparsely distributed over frons to vertex (longest setae as long as eye width or less); gena covered with abundant but moderately sparse (denser than over e.g. sides of T2, but punctation still visible) whitish thin recumbent pubescence forwards oriented; malar space with pale yellowish-brown short recumbent pubescence (blackish next to eye), confluent towards mandible base, with which it slightly overlaps; clypeus with fringe of sparse dark to medium-brown forward facing weakly downwards curved setae; basomedial clypeal tubercle with brown seta; postgenal bridge glabrous. Mandible basally with thin, long, pale yellowish-brown hairs fringing outer margin. Antennal scape covered with coarse yellowish-white recumbent pubescence; pedicel and F1 with sparse thin and short yellowish-white recumbent minute setae. Mesosoma. Dorsum covered with pale-golden recumbent pubescence, except pronotum covered with “comb” of not very dense black recumbent pubescence over darkened area (Fig. 2H); humeral angles with paler denser pubescence; propodeum with sparser similar pale-golden pubescence, oriented towards scutellar scale; scattered black recumbent setae on dorsum and propodeum in variable numbers, occasionally numerous over propodeum. Pleurae with long, thin and somewhat sparse whitish pubescence (slightly sparser than over gena), oriented towards centre of mesopleuron. Erect setae of similar length to those on head sparsely distributed over mesosoma: blackish over darkened pronotal band, dark brownish on dorsum (each seta basally paler), paler and longer over propodeal posterior face, reaching metasoma. Legs. Coxae with long thin whitish pubescence, longer and denser on procoxa; femora, tibiae and tarsi covered in long thin yellowish-white pubescence, approximately as dense as over pleurae. Metasoma. T1 with long whitish setae reaching propodeum; apical fringe of sparse recumbent black setae overlaps T2 basomedially, with some sparse whitish setae fringing tergite laterally. T2 covered in black recumbent pubescence, not very dense (punctation visible), basomedially with one large roundish to squarish spot of dense pale-golden recumbent pubescence, starting close to tergite base; tergite basolaterally with sparse pale golden and whitish intermixed recumbent setae, not defining lateral spots (Figs. 2A, 2C, 2J); T2 with apical broad band of recumbent pale golden pubescence, anteromedially weakly expanded triangularly. T3 covered by broad band of recumbent pale golden pubescence, slightly longer than average length of terminal band on T2, and apicomedially slightly narrower (due to medial shortening of pubescence), forming weak notch; T4–5 covered by moderately sparse blackish pubescence (punctation visible), with few pale golden recumbent setae on the lateral margins of T4. T6 laterally with tuft of long pale yellowish-brown to dark-brown setae oriented backwards, margining but not overlapping pygidium. Erect setae distributed all over metasomal dorsum, at least twice as dense and on average longer than over mesosoma; erect setae yellowish-white to whitish over areas with pale recumbent pubescence (and laterally on terga) and mostly blackish (somewhat shorter) over areas with black recumbent pubescence. S1–2 covered in sparse thin yellowish-white recumbent pubescence; S2–4 with apical fringe of sparse thin yellowish-white recumbent setae; S5 with apical fringe of sparse thin blackish recumbent setae; S6 with few dark setae subapically. S2 with sparse long yellowish-white erect setae; S3–5 distally and laterally with fringe of long yellowish-white erect setae, just anterior to terminal fringe of pubescence of each sternite, those on S5 longer and with pale yellowish-brown tinge. T2 felt-line ca. 0.3 × T2 lateral length, composed of mostly pale golden-brown setae; longer and sparser yellowish-white recumbent setae overlap proximal half of felt-line (Fig. 2J). 3. Sculpture. Head. Dorsally densely punctate-reticulate over frons and vertex, punctures medium to large, interspaces minimal, often obliterated; gena and malar space densely punctate, punctures smaller than on vertex with interspaces of ca. diameter of one puncture (narrower surrounding eyes); lower gena punctate-reticulate, punctures larger than on vertex and shallow, sub-hexagonal, interspaces very narrow and some obliterated; postgena weakly marked to impunctate, coriarious; antennal scrobe punctate, the punctures small and denser next to the dorsal carina (interspaces narrower than one puncture).Antennal tubercle shiny, finely, shallowly and sparsely punctate. Antennal scape densely punctate, punctures large (smaller than over vertex) and slightly oblong, interspaces as wide as diameter of 0.5–1 puncture; pedicel densely punctate, punctures small, interspaces narrower than one puncture. Mesosoma. Pronotal and dorsal areas densely punctate-reticulate, punctures large (ca. 2 × widest puncture on vertex) and shallow, interspaces minimal; shallow, weak transverse groove (one puncture wide) noticeable anterad to scutellar scale, extending diagonally to each side of mesosoma towards propodeal spiracles. Propodeum with dorsal face frequently subscabrous, more markedly so on posterior face, with numerous interspaces slightly elevated to form low lamellae, with similar pattern laterally, becoming punctate-reticulate (large shallow punctures, interspaces not conspicuously elevated) on transition to metepimeron. Mesopleuron finely and irregularly punctate, more sparsely medially; where punctation denser interspaces ca. diameter of 1–2 punctures. Metapleuron smooth, shiny, with few fine punctures. Metepimeron finely punctate, interspaces ca. diameter of 1–3 punctures. Propleuron punctate-reticulate. Low vertical humeral carina. Legs. Coxae and trochantera with coarse shallow punctation, interspaces irregular mostly narrower than diameter of one puncture; femora with scattered shallow small punctures, denser apically; tibiae with coarse shallow punctation, denser basally. Metasoma. T1 finely and irregularly punctate, densely over narrow apical band, interspaces as wide as diameter of one puncture. T2 densely punctate to punctate-reticulate, punctures deep and dorsally elongate longitudinally (narrow oval, length ca. 2 × width), interspaces narrower than diameter of one puncture (some interspaces obliterated); punctures rounder, sparser and smaller laterally (interspaces of 1–3 punctures). T3 sculpture visible, despite somewhat dense pubescence: punctures are small and round laterally, with interspaces of 1–2 punctures. T4–5 irregularly punctate, punctures small and interspaces varying between less the diameter of one and three punctures; T3–5 punctate over all of lateral exposed surface of tergites. S1 with coarse small round, shallow, punctures, interspaces narrow and irregular. S2 with punctures medium to large, deep and round (to weakly elongated), interspaces of 1–3 punctures; punctures smaller and very dense (conflected) on subterminal band (2–3 punctures wide), where interspaces mostly narrower than one puncture; surface not shiny. S3– 5: distal half of exposed surface of sternites densely punctate-reticulate, punctures apparently deep, larger proximad, smaller distad; interspaces narrower than diameter of one puncture with many interspaces obliterate; basal half of exposed surface of sternites strigate-vermiculate to shagreened. S6 finely punctate distomedially (interspaces of one puncture or less), substrigulate basally. 4. Shape and structure. Head large and rounded, dorsally broad with convex sides, sub-parallel to weakly convergent behind the eyes, weakly convex posterior margin and weakly rounded posterior angles; head width behind eyes ca. 1.05 × maximum mesosoma width. Frons and vertex moderately convex longitudinally (lateral view), weakly convex transversally (frontal view); gena well developed, strongly convex in lateral view (three specimens gena large, ca. 0.5 × head height). Eyes entire, moderately convex and minimally protuberant from head sides, anteriorly, in dorsal view. Antennal scrobe with transverse low, short dorsal carina, nearly straight. Clypeus short, dorsally with subtruncate edge, with medial transverse weakly sinuate carina, medially elevated on upper half with low medial tubercle and short longitudinal basomedial carina; lower half of clypeus weakly concave, trapezoidal, subapically with one tubercle on each anterolateral corner (Fig. 2I). Antennal scape weakly curved. Antenna (Fig. 2E): F1 ca. 1.7–2 × pedicel, ca. 1.2–1.4 × F2 and ca. 1.0–1.2 × F3. Mandible robust, broad, distal element weakly convex externally; tridentate, apically acuminate, fresher (possibly younger) specimens with two inner denticles (innermost small but distinct) and strong apical tooth (Fig. 2F, ventral view); inner denticles most frequently apparently abraded or obliterated, with mandible appearing as unidentate (e.g. Figs. 2E, 2G). Hypostomal carina present, distally elevated. Mesosoma dorsally subtrapezoidal, widest point at anterior spiracles, weakly concave and narrowed towards propodeal spiracles, becoming subparallel along the propodeum (width at anterior spiracles 1.1 × width at propodeum); ratio of width at humeral angles, anterior spiracles, narrowest point of mesosoma, propodeal spiracles and widest point of propodeum (scutellar scale level) approximately 87:100:90:90:90. Pronotal anterior margin convex with rounded humeral angles. Propodeum well developed, ca. one third of total mesosoma length in dorsal view. In lateral view dorsal profile of mesosoma slanted along medial line, rising on a very low curve (straighter in four specimens) from pronotum to scutellar scale (where it peaks), sloping down over dorsal propodeal face (angle of ca. 45º) and more steeply (ca. 70º) over posterior propodeal face (propodeal faces slightly indistinct, transition apparently at half propodeum height). Scutellar scale weakly transverse and small: narrow (ca. 1–2 punctures wide), short (slightly shorter than its width), low, rounded at the posterior margin (in dorsal view), apically weakly shiny (Figs. 2K–L); mesosoma width 8.8–12.6 × scutellar scale width (measured at same level). Legs. Meso and metatibia externally with ca. nine robust spines in two parallel rows (e.g. five and four spines), apically with two serrated spurs on inner side. Metasoma dorsally oval. T1 well developed, trapezoidal, proportionately broad and protruding dorsally, with convex sides (subangular), narrower than base of T2; basolaterally with one large protuberant blunt dentiform tubercle on each side of tergite, oriented diagonally towards propodeal posterior face. T2 with rounded convex sides, widest point approximately at tergite mid-length. T6 basally strigate, sculpture merging with pygidium. Pygidium (Fig. 2D) broadest basally, length 1.2 × basal width, delimited laterally by low carina (more evident distally; dorsally weakly convex; densely striated longitudinally apicad, striae basally concentric, laterally divergent towards the sides, running sub-parallel; striae less defined apically, some reduced to punctures. S1 with medial low longitudinal carina. S6 apically bidentate. Intraspecific variation (FEMALE; n = 24). Five specimens are of ‘curtiventris’ form (sensu Nonveiller, 1959; e.g. Fig. 3B), and are treated separately at the end. (1) Colouration of integument. Clypeus (n = 10) varies from being dark chestnut brown only laterally and medially on upper half (n = 4), to a more reddish tone on those areas (n = 4), to more extensively and lighter red all over (including the lower half; n = 2). Reddish colouration on antennal tubercle and postgena varies according to colour of clypeus (e.g. being entirely red on those individuals with more extensively red clypeus); antennal tubercle infrequently darker to black (n = 3). Head infrequently with reduced or lacking reddish areas, with dark clypeus, postgena, postgenal bridge, oral fossa and anterior malar space; vertex may show small reddish spot (n = 4). Antenna may be slightly darker or paler than described above; on the darklegged specimen from Virtudes (Fig. 3F), flagellum mostly dark brown, slightly paler ventrally on F1–5. Propleuron infrequently dark brown, rather than blackish. Procoxa most frequently darker (dark reddish-brown to blackish) than meso and metacoxae; profemur medially contrastingly darkened (to blackish) on most specimens; some specimens with meso and metafemora weakly darkened apically or with darker brown legs (e.g. Figs. 3C, 3F). S3–5 occasionally less reddish, uniformly darker blackish-brown. Pygidium most frequently tinged dark purplish-red over its apical third and reddish at the very apex (otherwise black). Pubescence of vertex occasionally more extensive anteriorly (e.g. Fig. 2B). T3 band of pale pubescence most frequently slightly narrower apicomedially (medial shortening of pubescence, but also fine black setae). T2 felt-line ca. 0.3–0.4 × T2 lateral length, composed of variable proportion of blackish and pale golden short appressed setae, appearing mostly pale golden to mostly blackish, depending on lighting angle and setae colour proportions. (2) Shape and structure. Body shape, in particular mesosoma and metasoma somewhat variable, even if ‘curtiventris’ specimens are disregarded (Fig. 3A–G). Metasoma varies in robustness within ‘normal’ (‘non-curtiventris’) specimens; T2 is notably convex laterally in the particularly robust specimen from Ribeira do Torgal (Fig. 3A). Weak occipital carina apparent on lower gena on some specimens. Humeral carina sometimes indistinct. Pygidium (Fig. 4A–F), though always broadest basally (length 1.1–1.4 × basal width), somewhat variable in shape (subtriangular, oval to rarely elliptical) and striation pattern; in a sample of 11 specimens, orientation of striae relative to longitudinal medial axis varies from 20º (n = 8), to subparallel (n = 2; Fig. 4D), to ca. 45º (n = 1; Fig. 4F); number of striae across maximum width most frequently of ca. 21 (n = 4), but varies from 16 (n = 1), 18 (n = 2), 19 (n = 1), 23 (n = 1), 24 (n = 1), to maximum of 28 (n = 1; Fig. 4A); differences not correlated with the ‘curtiventris’ condition. ‘Curtiventris’ specimens: colour of integument, pubescence and sculpture of these individuals agree with the remaining specimens, differing in shape and structure as follows. Head: slightly broader and dorsally less convex. Mesosoma: subquadrate with truncate propodeum. Metasoma: T1 very short, discoidal and anteriorly truncate; T2 somewhat shorter than in typical specimens, anteriorly broader and bulging; pygidium shorter on some specimens (e.g. Fig. 4E). Description. MALE (hitherto unknown). Body length 11.1 mm. Colouration. Head black, except for narrow subapical ferruginous-red band on mandible. Vertex and frons with golden appressed pubescence, denser between ocelli and eye inner notch, with few golden setae between ocelli; upper vertex, posterad to ocelli, with brownishblack sparse appressed pubescence; frons to occipital carina with sparse pale brownish short setae. Sparse golden appressed setae over gena, denser on malar space, similar pubescence fringing clypeus posteriorly, denser laterally and longer medially. Mandible baso-externally to external tooth covered with dense appressed golden pubescence. Palpi brown covered with dense golden minute setae. Antenna brown (left antenna with F8–11 missing, right antenna missing), except for dark-brown scape, orange-brown pedicel and orange-brown F4–7 ventrally; scape dorsally with sparse suberect golden setae, posteriorly with denser whitish recumbent pubescence, pedicel, F1 and partially F2 with dense minute golden setae. Mesosoma pale ferruginous-red, except for black pronotal collar, antero-medial spot on pronotum, sternum and blackish-brown propleuron; pronotum covered with moderately sparse pale golden recumbent pubescence, posteriorly forming fringe;mesoscutum covered with sparse thin black recumbent pubescence; scutellum and upper propodeum medially with moderately dense suberect pale golden setae; propodeum with long whitish erect setae; tegula ferruginous-brown, inner half covered with somewhat dense black recumbent setae and few pale golden recumbent setae anteriorly. Wings infuscate, yellowish-brown, weakly paler over the cells (except for the radial cell); veins yellowish-brown, darker brown on costal, subcostal and median veins, veins of pterostigma blackish-brown. Legs brown, darker on meso and metatibia, paler on meso and metatarsi, orange-brown trochantera and femora basally, blackish coxae; meso and metatibia with somewhat dense yellowish-white subrecumbent pubescence; meso and metatarsi with dense short brownish-yellow pubescence; tibial spines and tarsal spines yellow; tibial spurs yellowish-white. Metasoma black, except for blackish-brown T1 and reddish-brown S1; T1 with apical fringe of sparse pale brownish-yellow recumbent pubescence; silvery-yellowish appressed pubescence defines broad apical band on T2 (antero-medially weakly enlarged triangularly) and full bands over T3–4; T1–2 anterolaterally with long whitish erect setae; S2–4 with fringe of yellowish-white pubescence; felt-line on T2 at least 0.7 × T2 length, composed of mostly black setae; felt-line on S2 short ca. 0.2 × length of T2 felt-line, composed of golden-brown setae. Shape and structure. Head oval in frontal view, with divergent sides behind eyes, rounded posterior angles and weakly convex posterior margin, slightly broader than pronotum, densely punctate with small punctures, interspaces narrower than puncture diameter; vertex not notably prominent. Clypeus shiny, impuctate, with short low medial carina posteriorly, medially notably concave, with anterior margin weakly upturned forming divergent microsculptured tubercle on each anterolateral corner, both medially separated by weakly concave notch. Eye oval with obtuse internal notch; ocelli medium-sized, anterior ocellus diameter (ca. 0.27 mm) similar to width of F1, POL

Published as part of Matias, Rafael, 2023, Smicromyrme ceballosi Suárez, 1959 and S. plantourianus Schwartz, 1986: two little known species new for Portugal (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae), pp. 58-82 in Zootaxa 5375 (1) on pages 64-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5375.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/10171069