Trametesis a globally distributed genus of white-rot polypores and well sampled in temperate and boreal areas. However, the diversity, taxonomy, and phylogenetic positions ofTrametesspp. are poorly known in tropical Africa. This study aims at documenting the diversity ofTrametesspecies in Benin (tropical Africa) and their phylogenetic positions with a focus on theT. elegansspecies complex. Therefore, we collected specimens ofTrametesfrom different forest types across Benin. To infer phylogenetic relationships betweenTrametesspecies, we investigated sequences of five gene regions and added available sequences from GenBank. Using Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny inference methods, we found eight supported species clades. For theT. elegansspecies complex, we re-establish the nameTrametes palisotiifor species previously known asT. elegansin tropical Africa. Furthermore, we proposeTrametes parvisporaas a species new to science and provide the description of this species. Our molecular phylogeny ofTrameteswith a focus on tropical Benin contributes to taxonomic clarity of an important wood-decay fungal genus, which is the basis for biodiversity assessments ofTrametesin the tropics.