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Demonstration of a Validated Direct Current Wearable Device for Monitoring Sweat Rate in Sports

Authors: Xing Xuan; Daniel Rojas; Isabel Maria Diaz Lozano; Maria Cuartero; Gastón A. Crespo;

Demonstration of a Validated Direct Current Wearable Device for Monitoring Sweat Rate in Sports

Abstract

Sweat rate magnitude is a desired outcome for any wearable sensing patch dedicated to sweat analysis. Indeed, sweat rate values can be used two-fold: self-diagnosis of dehydration and correction/normalization of other physiological metrics, such as Borg scale, VO2, and different chemical species concentrations. Herein, a reliable sweat rate belt device for sweat rate monitoring was developed. The device measures sweat rates in the range from 1.0 to 5.0 µL min−1 (2 to 10 µL min−1 cm−2), which covers typical values for humans. The working mechanism is based on a new direct current (DC) step protocol activating a series of differential resistance measurements (spatially separated by 800 µm) that is gradually initiated by the action of sweat, which flows along a customized microfluidic track (~600 µm in width, 10 mm in length, and 235 µm in thickness). The device has a volumetric capacity of ~16 µL and an acquisition frequency between 0.010 and 0.043 Hz within the measured sweat rate range. Importantly, instead of using a typical and rather complex AC signal interrogation and acquisition, we put forward the DC approach, offering several benefits, such as simplified circuit design for easier fabrication and lower costs, as well as reduced power consumption and suitability for wearable applications. For the validation, either the commercial sweat collector (colorimetric) or the developed device was performed. In five on-body tests, an acceptable variation of ca. 10% was obtained. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of the DC-based device for the monitoring of sweat rate and also its potential for implementation in any wearable sweat platform.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Chemical technology, microfluidic, Sweating, wearable sensor, direct current method, TP1-1185, Biosensing Techniques, Direct current method, Sweat rate, Article, sweat analysis, Wearable Electronic Devices, sweat rate, Microfluidic, Sweat analysis, Humans, Sweat, Wearable sensor, Monitoring, Physiologic, Sports

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
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6
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