Maintaining farmer’s seed systems is important to secure the adaptive capacity both ecologically and socially for global food systems, and to secure genetic diversity. In a mountain village of southwest China, a Participatory Action Research Team has carried out action research for more than 20 years to support women's participation in participatory breeding and to enhance the farmers’ seed system. In this case study, the team assisted women in the conservation of local varieties and establishment of community seed banks to enhance farmers’ seed systems. The women-led agricultural cooperatives promoted the economic development of the community and improved the sustainability of farmers’ seed system through eco-circular agriculture and the community supported agriculture (CSA) model. In this participatory process, the empowerment of women improved women's comprehensive ability and provided the guarantee of human resources for enhancing farmers' seed system. Multi-stakeholder processes also extended important support to this model work.