This study investigates the role of music as a tool for mental preparation among Nigerian athletes, focusing on the types and genres of music incorporated, the psychological effects on athletes’ mental states, and the influence of cultural and socio-musical factors. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a purposive sample of 267 competitive Nigerian athletes through structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistical tools, including percentages and means, were employed to analyze responses related to music preferences, listening frequency, psychological impacts, and cultural significance. Findings reveal that 85% of athletes use music regularly in their pre-competition routines, with Afrobeat (70%), gospel (50%), and hip-hop/rap (40%) being the most preferred genres. Athletes listen primarily in English (60%) and indigenous languages such as Yoruba (45%) and Pidgin English (30%). Music’s psychological effects were significant, with over 75% of respondents agreeing that music reduces anxiety, enhances motivation, improves focus, regulates emotions, and boosts confidence. Cultural factors strongly influence music choice; 75% consider Nigerian cultural music more effective than non-Nigerian genres, and half of the participants use music as part of team rituals. A majority (78%) believe culturally relevant music contributes to better athletic performance. These results underscore the importance of culturally tailored music interventions in sport psychology, recommending integration of indigenous musical styles into mental preparation strategies. The study highlights the need for personalized and culturally sensitive approaches to maximize music’s motivational and emotional benefits, thereby enhancing athletes’ psychological readiness and performance. This research contributes valuable insights into the culturally embedded practices of Nigerian athletes and their implications for holistic athlete development.