Recent fieldwork in the Chinese province of Zhejiang revealed new insights into the taxonomy of the genus Carex in this area. Carex honglinii, a new species of Carex sect. Confertiflorae, is described. It differs from C. pseudodispalata in having perigynia broadly obovoid, contracted into a ca. 0.5‒0.7 mm long beak at the apex, and staminate scales acuminate. Carex nemostachys var. subglabra (sect. Confertiflorae) is raised to specific rank and combined as C. subglabra. Eventually, a new subspecies of Carex scopulus (subsp. aristata; sect. Mitratae) is described. This new subspecies differs from the type subspecies in having pistillate scales with a 1‒4 mm long apical scabrous awn, and leaves 1.5‒2.5 wide.