Up till the present time, the carboniferous limestone series of the west of Scotland has yielded but four species of Lingula, the position and range of which I will indicate in the following brief notes:— They have been named as follows:— Lingula squamiformis, L. mytiloides, L. Scotica, and L. Thomsonii. Figures and descriptions of the first three species are given by Thomas Davidson, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S., in his Monograph of British Carboniferous Brachiopoda in the volumes of the Palaeontographical Society, and also in his Monograph of the Carboniferous Brachiopoda of Scotland.* The last species, L. Thomsonii, is figured by Mr. Davidson, but not described, in this Society’s Transactions, vol. II. pl. 2. Lingula squamiformis is the most abundant species in many localities, and is found ranging from the horizon of our lower marine limestones and shales to the higher beds of our upper limestone series. Impressions of its thin and delicately sculptured valves are found in many of the ironstones and shales of the Lanarkshire coalfield, on many distinct geological horizons; but nowhere is it found in so great profusion, or of so large a size, as in the lower black-band ironstone wrought at Possil, to the north of Glasgow. It is there found in thousands; but, owing to the specimens being imbedded in a matrix of the gas coal and ironstone, the shells have been very badly preserved. It also occurs in great numbers in a shale connected with the black-band ironstone wrought at Govan and elsewhere. The This 250-word extract was created in the absence of an abstract