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Acta Psychologica
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5...
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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Neighborhood Frequency Effects in Late Bilingual Phonological Neighborhoods

Authors: Luef, Eva Maria;

Neighborhood Frequency Effects in Late Bilingual Phonological Neighborhoods

Abstract

The bilingual mental lexicon is understood as a unified system containing word forms from multiple languages. Previous studies have described how cross-language phonological similarity influences bilingual lexical processing, demonstrating that lexical activation spreads both within and across languages at the segmental level. The significance of cross-linguistic phonological neighbors in bilingual speech processing is well documented, but less is known about frequency effects emerging from the cross-language neighboring words. In monolingual spoken word recognition, the 'neighborhood frequency effect' suggests that higher-frequency neighbors absorb more activation and/or inhibit lower-frequency neighbors within a phonological neighborhood, potentially affecting recognition latencies. This study examines whether this effect extends across languages in phonological neighborhoods of late German-English bilinguals. Results reveal that lexical frequency rates of German neighbors influence response times for English target words in an English lexical decision task. This finding supports a fully integrated mental lexicon in late bilinguals (i.e., second language learners) and highlights the role of lexical frequency in cross-language lexical processing.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Male, Adult, Young Adult, Psycholinguistics, Phonetics, Cognitive psychology, Linguistics/methods, Reaction Time, Speech Perception, Humans, Multilingualism, Female

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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gold