The Souss-Massa region, located in the south-west of Morocco, is among the regions that suffer the most from water stress. This region is characterized by an arid climate with low and irregular rainfall in time and space. Moreover, the economy of the region is mainly based on agriculture which consumes more than 90% of the region’s total water resources. As a result, in recent years, the groundwater overexploitation has exceeded the renewable resources and has led to the depletion of the different aquifers of Souss-Massa region. Furthermore, an excessive use of pesticides in agriculture and marine intrusion cause pollution and salinity of the groundwater. This study focuses on the vulnerability of groundwater resources and alternative solutions for agricultural development. This thematic allows the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation, in order to reduce the water resources vulnerability in the Souss-Massa region.