There are many definitions of resilience. Their common core is that it is a response to unexpected or unforeseen changes and disturbances, and a capacity to adapt and respond to these changes. In the literature, many different concepts were identified to accompany resilience and help define or measure a system's resilience. These include flexibility, vulnerability, rapidity and robustness. However, these concepts are sometimes used interchangeably with resilience as there is a lack of clarification among them. In addition, the role of “lessons learnt” and “learning” after a disruption is somehow neglected in existing studies of resilience and system performance. This article aims to position resilience regarding these concepts, taking into account the system's experience after several disturbances. Schematic presentation of resilience-related concepts such as flexibility, rapidity, vulnerability and robustness are proposed. Additionally, an updated definition of resilience in a production system while considering the correlated concepts like vulnerability, robustness, flexibility, rapidity is proposed.