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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2020
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The former companion of hyper-velocity star S5-HVS1

Authors: Wenbin Lu; Jim Fuller; Yael Raveh; Hagai B Perets; Ting S Li; Matthew W Hosek; Tuan Do;

The former companion of hyper-velocity star S5-HVS1

Abstract

ABSTRACT The hyper-velocity star S5-HVS1, ejected 5 Myr ago from the Galactic Centre at 1800 km s−1, was most likely produced by tidal break-up of a tight binary by the supermassive black hole SgrA*. Taking a Monte Carlo approach, we show that the former companion of S5-HVS1 was likely a main-sequence star between 1.2 and 6 M⊙ and was captured into a highly eccentric orbit with pericentre distance in the range of 1–10 au and semimajor axis about 103 au. We then explore the fate of the captured star. We find that the heat deposited by tidally excited stellar oscillation modes leads to runaway disruption if the pericentre distance is smaller than about $3\rm \, au$. Over the past 5 Myr, its angular momentum has been significantly modified by orbital relaxation, which may stochastically drive the pericentre inwards below $3\rm \, au$ and cause tidal disruption. We find an overall survival probability in the range 5 per cent to 50 per cent, depending on the local relaxation time in the close environment of the captured star, and the initial pericentre at capture. The pericentre distance of the surviving star has migrated to 10–100 au, making it potentially the most extreme member of the S-star cluster. From the ejection rate of S5-HVS1-like stars, we estimate that there may currently be a few stars in such highly eccentric orbits. They should be detectable (typically $K_{\rm s}\lesssim 18.5\,$ mag) by the GRAVITY instrument and by future Extremely Large Telescopes and hence provide an extraordinary probe of the spin of SgrA*.

Country
United States
Keywords

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), black hole physics – stars: kinematics and dynamics – stars: oscillations – Galaxy: centre, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 520, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold