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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Entomologia Experime...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
Article . 1971 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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THE FECUNDITY OF THE CABBAGE ROOT FLY ERIOSCHIA BRASSICAE UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Authors: S. FINCH;

THE FECUNDITY OF THE CABBAGE ROOT FLY ERIOSCHIA BRASSICAE UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Abstract

Flies enclosed in large (1.8 m high × 3.0 m wide × 15.2 m long) field cages containing a section of hedgerow and a plot of brassicas laid an average of 63 eggs/female during May 1968. This represented the first batch of eggs and was equivalent to that of the flies fed on sucrose alone. The principal natural source of carbohydrate in hedgerows at Wellesbourne in May was the nectar of A. sylvestris and two Anthriscus flowers per female per day were sufficient to sustain the development and oviposition of the first batch of eggs. The average fecundity of second generation flies in field cages was very low because many of the females were killed by the fungus Empusa muscae.A thin‐layer chromatographic method was used to assess the free amino acids in extracts from the abdomens of female cabbage root flies. Quantities of valine and leucine in excess of 5 μg/μl of sample and an extinction of the extract in excess of 0.2 at 505 nm indicated that such samples included females that had fed from proteinaceous materials.Using these criteria, 3 % of the flies captured from the second generation during July and August were assessed as having fed from proteinaceous sources and dissections showed that 6 % of these flies had imbibed sufficient proteinaceous material to mature the second or subsequent batches of eggs. These results suggest that 94–97 % of the females of the first and second generations of cabbage root flies at Wellesbourne feed only from carbohydrates. Under field conditions, therefore, the fecundity of the cabbage root flies was only 20–30 % of their potential fecundity.ZusammenfassungDIE FRUCHTBARKEIT DER KOHLFLIEGE, ERIOISCHIA BRASSICAE, UNTER FREILANDBEDINGUNGENKohlfliegen, die in einem großen Feldkäfig (15,2 m lang, 3 m breit und 1,8 m hoch) gehalten wurden, der einen Teil einer Feldhecke sowie eine mit Brassica oleracea botrytis L. bebaute Fläche enthielt, legten während des Mai 1968 im Durchschnitt 63 Eier pro Weibchen. Das entspricht dem ersten Satz Eier (Gelege) und gleicht der Eiproduktion von Fliegen, die nur mit Rohrzucker ernährt wurden. Die Hauptquelle der im Mai in Hecken von Wellesbourne natürlich vorkommenden Kohlenhydrate ist der Nektar von Anthriscus sylvestris. Zwei Anthriscus‐Blüten pro Weibchen und Tag genügen, um die Entwicklung und Ablage des ersten Eigeleges zu gewährleisten. Die durchschnittliche Fruchtbarkeit der Fliegen der zweiten Generation war in den Feldkäfigen sehr niedrig, da viele Weibchen durch Empusa muscae getötet wurden.Zur Ermittlung der freien Aminosäuren in Hinterleibsextrakten weiblicher Fliegen wurde eine dünnschichtchromatographische Methode benutzt. Mehr als 5 μg/1 Valin und Leucin je Probe und Extinktion bei 505 μm in einem Extrakt von über 0,2 deutet darauf hin, daß solche Proben Weibchen enthielten, die sich von eiweißhaltigen Stoffen ernährt hatten. Benutzt man diese Kriterien, so zeigen 3% der während Juli und August gefangenen Fliegen der zweiten Generation, daß sie ihre Nahrung von eiweißhaltigen Quellen bezogen. Sektionen ergaben, daß diese Fliegen genügend eiweißhaltige Stoffe aufgenommen hatten, um einen zweiten oder weiteren Satz Eier produzieren zu können. Diese Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, daß sich 94–97% der Weibchen der ersten und zweiten Generation der Kohlfliege in Wellesbourne ausschließlich von Kohlenhydraten ernähren. Deshalb beträgt ihre Fruchtbarkeit unter Feldbedingungen nur 20–30% des Möglichen.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
29
Average
Top 10%
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