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A dynamic study of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee using an open MRI

Authors: Guenoun, Daphne; Vaccaro, Julien; Le Corroller, Thomas; Barral, Pierre-Antoine; Lagier, Aude; Pauly, Vanessa; Coquart, Benjamin; +2 Authors

A dynamic study of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee using an open MRI

Abstract

Recent anatomical and radiological studies of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) suggest the ACL length and orientation change during knee flexion, and an open MRI sequencing during knee flexion enables a dynamic ACL analysis. This study's goal is to describe a normal ACL using a 1T open MRI and, in particular, variations in length and insertion angles at different degrees of flexion. Twenty-one volunteers with clinically healthy knees received a dynamic MRI with their knees in hyperextension, neutral position, and flexed at 45° and 90° angles. For each position, two radiologists measured the ACL lengths and angles of the proximal insertion between the ACL's anterior edge and the roof of the inter-condylar notch. Additionally, we measured the ACL's and the tibial plateau's distal angle insertion between their anterior edges and then compared these with the nonparametric Wilcoxon test. The ACL had a significant extension between the 90° flexion and all other positions (hyperextension: 31.75 ± 2.5 mm, neutral position: 32.5 ± 2.6 mm, 45°: 35.6 ± 1.6 mm, 90°: 35.6 ± 1.6 mm). There was also a significant increase of the angle insertion between the proximal 90° flexion and all other positions, as well as between hyperextension and bending to 45° (hyperextension: 2.45° ± 3.7°, neutral: 13.4° ± 9.7°, 45°: 33 25 ± 9.3, 90: 51.85° ± 9.3°). Additionally, there is a significant increase in the distal angle insertion for all positions (hyperextension: 133.2° ± 5.4°, neutral position: 134.95° ± 4.4°, 45°: 138.35° ± 5.9°, 90°: 149.15° ± 8.6°). Our study is the first to exhibit that a dynamic MRI has a significant ACL extension in vivo during bending. This concept opens the way for further studies to improve the diagnosis of traumatic ACL injuries using a dynamic MRI.

Keywords

Adult, Male, [SDV.MHEP.AHA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Knee Joint, Anterior Cruciate Ligament/anatomy & histology, Dynamic MRI, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/diagnostic imaging, Knee Joint/anatomy & histology, Anatomy (cytology, histology, embryology...) & physiology, Anterior Cruciate Ligament/diagnostic imaging, Open field, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Tibia/anatomy & histology, Young Adult, [SPI.MECA.BIOM] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Humans, Knee, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Range of Motion, Articular, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, Anatomie (cytologie, histologie, embryologie...) & physiologie, Tibia, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries, Anatomic Variation, Middle Aged, Life sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Knee Joint/diagnostic imaging, Healthy Volunteers, Biomechanical Phenomena, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Sciences du vivant, Surgery, Female, Anatomy, Anterior cruciate ligament

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
17
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green