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The Effect of Orbital Configuration on the Possible Climates and Habitability of Kepler-62f

Authors: Shields, Aomawa L; Barnes, Rory; Agol, Eric; Charnay, Benjamin; Bitz, Cecilia; Meadows, Victoria S;

The Effect of Orbital Configuration on the Possible Climates and Habitability of Kepler-62f

Abstract

As lower-mass stars often host multiple rocky planets, gravitational interactions among planets can have significant effects on climate and habitability over long timescales. Here we explore a specific case, Kepler-62f, a potentially habitable planet in a five-planet system with a K2V host star. N-body integrations reveal the stable range of initial eccentricities for Kepler-62f is $0.00 \leqslant e \leqslant 0.32$, absent the effect of additional, undetected planets. We simulate the tidal evolution of Kepler-62f in this range and find that, for certain assumptions, the planet can be locked in a synchronous rotation state. Simulations using LMD Generic GCM indicate that with 3 bars of CO$_2$ in its atmosphere, Kepler-62f would only be warm enough for surface liquid water at the upper limit of this eccentricity range, providing it has a high planetary obliquity (between 60$^\circ$ and 90$^\circ$). A climate similar to modern-day Earth is possible for the entire range of stable eccentricities if atmospheric CO$_2$ is increased to 5-bar levels. In a low-CO$_2$ case, simulations with CCSM4 and LMD Generic GCM indicate that increases in planetary obliquity and orbital eccentricity coupled with an orbital configuration that places the summer solstice at or near pericenter permit regions of the planet with above-freezing surface temperatures. This may melt ice sheets formed during colder seasons. If Kepler-62f is synchronously rotating and has an ocean, CO$_2$ levels above 3 bars would be required to distribute enough heat to the night side of the planet to avoid atmospheric freeze-out and permit a large enough region of open water at the planet's substellar point to remain stable. Overall, we find multiple plausible combinations of orbital and atmospheric properties that permit surface liquid water on Kepler-62f.

68 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in Astrobiology

Keywords

Extraterrestrial Environment, Rotation, Climate, Habitability, Planets, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomical Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 530, Planetary environments, Exobiology, Computer Simulation, Research Articles, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Ice, Temperature, Geology, Carbon Dioxide, 520, Climate Action, Extrasolar planets, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences, Astronomical sciences, Space Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
52
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 1%
Green
hybrid