
Let \(A\) be an \(n\times n\) invertible matrix over a field \(F\). Then \textit{D. Ž. Djoković} [Arch. Math. 18, 582--584 (1967; Zbl 0153.35502)] proved that \(A\) is a product \(BC\) of two involutions (matrices whose square is \(I\)) if and only if \(A\) is similar to \(A^{-1}\). The main theorem of the present paper is the following. If \(\text{char}(F)\neq2\) then the involutions \(B\) and \(C\) can be chosen to have, respectively, \(r\) and \(s\) eigenvalues equal to \(1\) if and only if: (i) \(\det(A)=(-1)^{r+s}\); and (ii) \(\left| s+r-n\right| \leq k_{1}\) and \(\left| s-r\right| \leq k_{2}\) where \(k_{1}\) and \(k_{2}\) are the number of elementary divisors of \(A\) of odd degree associated with the eigenvalues \(1\) and \(-1\), respectively. Using similar methods the author also proves related results such as the following theorem. Suppose that \(C\) is an \(n\times n\) matrix over a field \(F\) where \(F\) is algebraically closed with \(\text{char}(F)\neq2.\) Then \(C\) is similar to a matrix of the form \[ \left[ \begin{matrix} 0 & X\\ Y^{\top} & 0 \end{matrix} \right] \text{ where }X\text{ and }Y\text{ are }s\times(n-s)\text{ matrices} \] if and only if (i) \(C\) and \(-C\) are similar; and (ii) \(\left| 2s-n\right| \leq k\) where \(k\) is the number of elementary divisors of \(C\) of odd degree associated with the eigenvalue \(0\).
Involution, Numerical Analysis, Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors, Algebra and Number Theory, Canonical forms, reductions, classification, inverse, Eigenvalue, Inverse problems in linear algebra, Completion, Factorization of matrices, factorization, involution, eigenvalue, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Theory of matrix inversion and generalized inverses, Geometry and Topology, Factorization, Inverse, completion
Involution, Numerical Analysis, Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors, Algebra and Number Theory, Canonical forms, reductions, classification, inverse, Eigenvalue, Inverse problems in linear algebra, Completion, Factorization of matrices, factorization, involution, eigenvalue, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Theory of matrix inversion and generalized inverses, Geometry and Topology, Factorization, Inverse, completion
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