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Blood Pressure Monitoring
Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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Mean mid-arm circumference and blood pressure cuff sizes for US children, adolescents and adults

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011–2016
Authors: Yechiam Ostchega; Tatiana Nwankwo; Guangyu Zhang; Jeffery P. Hughes;

Mean mid-arm circumference and blood pressure cuff sizes for US children, adolescents and adults

Abstract

Measuring blood pressure (BP) requires an appropriate BP cuff size given measured mid-arm circumference (mid-AC).To provide mid-AC means and percentiles for US population aged more than 3 years and examine the frequency distribution of mid-AC cuffed by Baum and Welch Allyn cuff systems.The 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey, was used to estimate mean mid-AC (n=24 723).Mean mid-AC did not differ from 2011 to 2016 (31.0 vs. 31.3 cm, P>0.05). During 2011-2016, mean mid-AC was greater for males than females (32.0 vs. 30.4 cm, P<0.001) and was largest among adults 40-49 years (34.0 cm). Non-Hispanic Black persons had the largest mean mid-AC (32.0 cm) and non-Hispanic Asian persons the smallest (28.4 cm). Increased BMI was associated with increased mean mid-AC for those 3-19 years (normal, 22.0 cm and obese, 31.5 cm, P<0.001) and more than 20 years (normal, 28.2 cm and obese, 37.8 cm, P<0.001). Among those aged 8-17 years, high BP status was associated with a larger mean mid-AC (normotensive 26.1 cm vs. high BP 28.2 cm, P=0.001). Among adults aged 18 years and older, hypertension status was associated with a larger mean mid-AC (normotensive 32.4 cm vs. hypertensive 34.2 cm, P<0.001). Among those aged 12-19 years, 13.0% required a Baum large cuff (35-46.9 cm mid-AC) and 21.7% required a Welch Allyn large cuff (32-39.9 cm mid-AC). Among those aged more than 20 years, 33.2% required a Baum large cuff, 48.2% required a Welch Allyn large cuff, 1.3% required a Baum extra-large cuff (44-66 cm mid-AC), and 9.5% required a Welch Allyn extra-large cuff (40-55 cm mid-AC).Currently, BP is obtained in clinic, pharmacy, home, and ambulatory setting using single or multiple cuffs. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey mid-AC data should be considered for accurate cuffing avoiding cuff hypertension or hypotension.

Keywords

Adult, Male, Adolescent, Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Monitors, United States, Body Mass Index, Child, Preschool, Hypertension, Arm, Humans, Female, Obesity, Child

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    citations
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    Top 10%
    influence
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    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
11
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
bronze