Downloads provided by UsageCountsExposure to Trihalomethanes through Different Water Uses and Birth Weight, Small for Gestational Age, and Preterm Delivery in Spain
Copyright policy ) Villanueva, Cristina M.; Gracia-Lavedán, Esther; Ibarluzea, Jesús; Santa-Marina, Loreto; Ballester, Ferrán; Llop, Sabrina; Tardón, Adonina; +8 Authors
Villanueva, Cristina M.; Gracia-Lavedán, Esther; Ibarluzea, Jesús; Santa-Marina, Loreto; Ballester, Ferrán; Llop, Sabrina; Tardón, Adonina; Fernández Cabrera, Mariana Fátima; Freire, Carmen; Goñi, Fernando; Basagaña, Xavier; Kogevinas, Manolis; Grimalt, Joan O.; Sunyer, Jordi; INMA Project (Infancia y Medio Ambiente);
Exposure to Trihalomethanes through Different Water Uses and Birth Weight, Small for Gestational Age, and Preterm Delivery in Spain
Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive.We assessed exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) during pregnancy through different water uses and evaluated the association with birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery.Mother-child cohorts set up in five Spanish areas during the years 2000-2008 contributed data on water ingestion, showering, bathing, and swimming in pools. We ascertained residential THM levels during pregnancy periods through ad hoc sampling campaigns (828 measurements) and regulatory data (264 measurements), which were modeled and combined with personal water use and uptake factors to estimate personal uptake. We defined outcomes following standard definitions and included 2,158 newborns in the analysis.Median residential THM ranged from 5.9 μg/L (Valencia) to 114.7 μg/L (Sabadell), and speciation differed across areas. We estimated that 89% of residential chloroform and 96% of brominated THM uptakes were from showering/bathing. The estimated change of birth weight for a 10% increase in residential uptake was -0.45 g (95% confidence interval: -1.36, 0.45 g) for chloroform and 0.16 g (-1.38, 1.70 g) for brominated THMs. Overall, THMs were not associated with SGA, LBW, or preterm delivery.Despite the high THM levels in some areas and the extensive exposure assessment, results suggest that residential THM exposure during pregnancy driven by inhalation and dermal contact routes is not associated with birth weight, SGA, LBW, or preterm delivery in Spain.
Spain
Fetus -- Creixement, Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy, Epidemiology, Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Water Pollutants::Water Pollutants, Chemical, Medical Subject Headings::Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain, Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans, Cohort Studies, small for gestational age, Disinfection by-products, newborn, Pregnancy, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult, water pollution, Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models, Statistical::Logistic Models, Infeccions respiratòries -- Epidemiologia, disinfection by-products, Small for gestational age, premature birth, Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Models, Theoretical, Water pollution, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Premature Birth, Low-birth-weight, epidemiology, Female, Cohort study, Aigua -- Depuració, Trihalomethanes, Adult, trihalomethanes, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn::Infant, Low Birth Weight, Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons, Halogenated::Trihalomethanes, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn::Infant, Low Birth Weight::Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn, Embaràs -- Aspectes nutricionals, Birth weight, cohort study, Humans, low birth weight, Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications::Pregnancy Complications::Obstetric Labor Complications::Obstetric Labor, Premature::Premature Birth, Epidemiologia, Premature birth, Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure, Research, Infant, Newborn, birth weight, Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Female, Environmental Exposure, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Models, Theoretical, Newborn, Logistic Models, Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies, Spain, Low birth weight, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Fetus -- Creixement, Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy, Epidemiology, Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Water Pollutants::Water Pollutants, Chemical, Medical Subject Headings::Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain, Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans, Cohort Studies, small for gestational age, Disinfection by-products, newborn, Pregnancy, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult, water pollution, Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models, Statistical::Logistic Models, Infeccions respiratòries -- Epidemiologia, disinfection by-products, Small for gestational age, premature birth, Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Models, Theoretical, Water pollution, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Premature Birth, Low-birth-weight, epidemiology, Female, Cohort study, Aigua -- Depuració, Trihalomethanes, Adult, trihalomethanes, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn::Infant, Low Birth Weight, Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons, Halogenated::Trihalomethanes, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn::Infant, Low Birth Weight::Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn, Embaràs -- Aspectes nutricionals, Birth weight, cohort study, Humans, low birth weight, Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications::Pregnancy Complications::Obstetric Labor Complications::Obstetric Labor, Premature::Premature Birth, Epidemiologia, Premature birth, Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure, Research, Infant, Newborn, birth weight, Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Female, Environmental Exposure, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Models, Theoretical, Newborn, Logistic Models, Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies, Spain, Low birth weight, Water Pollutants, Chemical
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This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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