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Fusion Engineering and Design
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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Fusion Engineering and Design
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fu...
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Characterization and performance improvement of the large titanium sublimation pumps in the AUG and W7‐X neutral beam injectors

Authors: Orozco, G.; Froeschle, M.; Heinemann, B.; Hopf, C.; Nocentini, R.; Riedl, R.;

Characterization and performance improvement of the large titanium sublimation pumps in the AUG and W7‐X neutral beam injectors

Abstract

Abstract The experimental devices ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) and Wendelstein 7‐X (W7‐X) are equipped with two neutral beam injectors each for plasma heating with up to 20 MW. Four large titanium sublimation pumps (TSPs) (4 × 1.5 × 0.2 m3) in each injector provide proper vacuum conditions (below 10−2 Pa) during the 10 s beam pulse with a gas feed of up to 30 Pa × m3/s. A maximum pumping speed of up to 3000 m3/s for H2 is obtained by frequent renewal of the Ti coating at the pump surfaces. Ti is sublimed from 4 m long ohmically heated hanging pairs of Ti sublimation wires. So far, all pairs of wires were operated with constant current during 120 s, despite of the large spread of the resistance of the wires. Tests have been performed in a dedicated test facility in order to characterize the pumping performance for H2 with different parameters for sublimation power and time. The data gathered can be used to simulate fully operative TSP systems for real NBI operation scenarios in AUG and W7‐X, so as to find an optimal sublimation strategy for the TSPs.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
bronze