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On Fixed Point Theory and Its Applications to Equilibrium Models

Authors: Serkov, D. A.;

On Fixed Point Theory and Its Applications to Equilibrium Models

Abstract

D.A. Serkov, Krasovskii Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, serkov@imm.uran.ru Дмитрий Александрович Серков, доктор физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт математики и механики им. Н.Н. Красовского УрО РАН; профессор, кафедра «Вычислительные методы и уравнения математической физики», Институт радиоэлектроники и информационных технологий, Уральский федеральный университет им. Б.И. Ельцина, (г. Екатеринбург, Россия), serkov@imm.uran.ru. For a given set and a given (generally speaking, multivalued) mapping of this set into itself, we study the problem on the existence of fixed points of this mapping, i.e., of points contained in their images. We assume that the given set is nonempty and the given mapping is defined on the entire set. In these conditions, we give the description (redefinition) of the set of fixed points in the set-theoretic terms. This general idea is concretized for cases where the set is endowed with a topological structure and the mapping has additional properties associated with this structure. In particular, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of fixed points of mappings with closed graph in Hausdorff topological spaces as well as in metric spaces. An example illustrating the possibilities and advantages of the proposed approach is given. The immediate applications of these results to the search of equilibrium states in game problems are also given: we describe the sets of saddle points in the minimax problem (an analogue of the Fan theorem) and of Nash equilibrium points in the game with many participants in cases where the sets of strategies of players are Hausdorff spaces or metrizable topological spaces.Для заданных множества и (вообще говоря, многозначного) отображения этого множества в себя рассматривается вопрос о существовании неподвижных точек такого отображения, то есть точек, содержащихся в своем образе. Относительно заданных множества и отображения предполагается, что множество не пусто, а отображение определено на всем множестве. В этих условиях дается описание (переопределение) множества неподвижных точек в теоретико-множественных терминах. Это общее представление конкретизируется для случаев, когда множество наделено той или иной топологической структурой, а отображение имеет дополнительные свойства с ней связанные. В частности, предложены необходимые и достаточные условия существования неподвижных точек для случая отображений с замкнутым графиком как в хауедорфовых топологических пространствах, так и в метрических пространствах. Приведен пример, иллюстрирующий возможности и преимущества предлагаемого подхода. Также даны непосредственные приложения этих результатов к поиску равновесных состояний в игровых задачах: описаны множества седловых точек (аналог теоремы Фана) в задаче о минимаксе и точек равновесия по Нэшу в игре со многими участниками для случаев, когда множества стратегий игроков являются хаусдорфовыми или метризуемыми топологическими пространствами.

Country
Russian Federation
Keywords

saddle point, УДК 517.952, УДК 517.977, multivalued mapping, неподвижная точка, седловая точка, Nash equilibrium, fixed point, MULTIVALUED MAPPING,FIXED POINT,SADDLE POINT,NASH EQUILIBRIUM,МНОГОЗНАЧНОЕ ОТОБРАЖЕНИЕ,НЕПОДВИЖНАЯ ТОЧКА,СЕДЛОВАЯ ТОЧКА,РАВНОВЕСИЕ ПО НЭШУ, многозначное отображение, равновесие по Нэшу

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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