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Human-Wildlife Interactions
Article . 2017
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Other literature type . 2014
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Testing Systems of Avian Perch Deterrents on Electric Power Distribution Poles in Sage-Brush Habitat

Authors: Dwyer, James F.; Doloughan, Kerrin W.;

Testing Systems of Avian Perch Deterrents on Electric Power Distribution Poles in Sage-Brush Habitat

Abstract

In Lincoln County, Washington, USA, greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) are managed as reintroduced and augmented populations, respectively. Predation by raptors and corvids is a concern, particularly where utility poles may provide hunting perches near leks (i.e., breeding areas). Perch deterrents may offer a mitigating strategy if deterrents reduce the frequency or duration of perching. To investigate the effects of various perch deterrents, we deployed deterrents on 5 power poles retained for use in this study when 33 poles were removed from occupied grouse habitat. We rotated deterrents among poles every 15 to 28 days (x = 19.4 days) from November 17, 2011, through November 20, 2012, so that all deterrents occurred multiple times on all poles. We compared perch frequency and duration on 4 pole caps, 3 insulator deterrents, an untreated control cross arm, and 5 cross-arm-length deterrents: Pupi™ cross arms mounted at a 22° angle from horizontal; Birdzoff™ deterrents; an experimental shroud; Power Line Sentry X™ deterrents; and Zena Designs™ minispike deterrents. We collected 862 independent records of perching events. Raptors and corvids perched most often (χ2 = 146.0, P < 0.0001) on untreated cross arms ( = 0.60 perches/day), and insulator deterrents (x = 0.47 perches/day), and perched least often on pole caps with spikes (x = 0.11 perches/day) and Zena Designs mini-spikes (x = 0.10 perches/day). Perching events were shorter on pole caps with spikes and Zena Designs mini-spikes compared to all other treatments (F8,853 = 23.53, P < 0.0001). Prey captures also were significantly less likely from treated cross arms than from the control cross arm (χ2 = 86.5, df = 4, P < 0.0001). Birds attempting to perch on deterrents often flapped their wings broadly where energized conductors would have existed if the poles had not been decommissioned. On energized poles, electrocution would have been possible in this situation. When perch deterrents are used, insulation or isolation of energized equipment also must be installed to minimize electrocution risk.

Country
United States
Related Organizations
Keywords

Centrocercus urophasianus, Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5, corvid, power line, Environmental sciences, tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus, columbian sharp-tailed grouse, raptor, Animal Sciences, Columbian sharp-tailed grouse, greater sage-grouse, GE1-350, centrocercus urophasianus, electrocution, perch deterrent

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Average
Average
Average
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gold